Case 435 Skid Steer Troubleshooting

The Case 435 Series 3 skid steer loader driveline system components: a 195 cu.in (3.2L) Case 432T/M3 4-cylinder direct injection turbocharged diesel engine with a rated power of 82 hp (61 kW), and 2-speed hydrostatic transmission. The hydraulic system has a pump with a rated capacity of 23.8 gal/min (90 l/min). The system relief pressure is 3050 psi (210 bar). The Case 435 is equipped with a vertical-lift boom, 100HV continuous roller chains, and 12x16.5 tires. The skid steer loader has a boom lifting force of 4450 lbs (2015 kg) and bucket breakout force of 6300 lbs (2865 kg). The rated operating capacity is 2200 lbs (998 kg), and tipping load is 4400 lbs (1995 kg).

Engine Troubleshooting

Diesel engine hard to start or doesn't start

Air trapped in fuel system - Bleed air.
Fuel filter element is clogged - Clean the filter or install new filter element.
Faulty or dirty injection nozzles - Change fuel injection nozzles.
Dirt or water in fuel system - Drain water or flush dirt from the system.
The valve clearance is incorrect - Adjust to proper valve clearance.
Fuel injection pump failure - Rebuild or install a new injection pump.

Engine starts and immediately shuts off

Plugged air filter - Replace or clean air filter element.
Clogged fuel filter - Clean or change the filter.
Problems with fuel injection pump tightness - Inspect fuel injection pump for leaks.
Dirty or defective injectors - Replace fuel injectors.
Fuel injection pump damage - Replacement or repair required.

Engine shuts off suddenly while running

Engine is not preheated - Warm up to required temperature.
Fuel filter plugging - Replace filter element.
Air in fuel tank - Bleed fuel tank.
Defective injection nozzle - Check and replace nozzles if required.
Improper fuel injection timing - Set up as recommended.

Engine shuts off while idling

Incorrectly set low idle speed - Adjust low idling as recommended.
Fuel injection pump is broken - Replacement or repair required.
Fuel injector fault - Test and replace fuel injectors if necessary.
Excessive valve clearance - Correct valve clearance.

Diesel engine is losing power

Dirty air filter - Change or service air filter element.
Clogged or burnt injection nozzle - Check and replace nozzles if required.
Improper fuel injection pressure - Test fuel injection pressure and adjust it correctly.
Valve clearance is wrong - Correct valve clearance needs to be set.
Wrong adjustment of low idle speed - Correct low idle adjustment.
Restricted fuel hoses or lines - Clean fuel system hoses and lines.
Cylinder head gasket is defective - Install a new gasket.
Worn or damaged piston rings - Piston rings replacement required.

Engine is overheated

Engine has a lack of coolant - Fill radiator to proper level and check components for faults.
Engine oil level is low - Fill the crankcase with engine oil.
Defective radiator cap or clogged radiator fins - Clean radiator or install new cap.
Fan belt is worn or faulty - The fan belt needs to be replaced.
Diesel engine overloaded - Load reducing required.

Low oil pressure

Not enough oil in the engine - Add oil as required.
Oil filter element clogging - Service or change engine oil filter element.
Incorrect engine oil Drain crankcase and refill with correct oil.
Crankshaft bearing has excessive oil clearance - Replace bearings.
Oil pump is damaged - Install a new pump.

Abnormal engine noise or knocking

Insufficient engine oil - Fill up the oil to required level.
Engine is not preheated - Warm up to required temperature.
Improper setting of fuel injection pump timing - Set the fuel pump timing correctly.
Low idle speed setting is not correct - Adjustment required.
Damaged or clogged injectors - Replace or clean fuel injectors.
Connecting rod is misaligned or worn - Need to align or replace the connecting rod.
Piston wear or scoring - Pistons need to be replaced.

Drive System Troubleshooting

Machine will not move in either direction or one direction

Insufficient hydraulic fluid - Check and refill the hydraulic fluid.
Drive chain malfunction - Check drive chain and change faulty parts.
Worn input drive shaft - Replace drive shaft.
Defective relief valve - Change or repair defective relief valve.
Clogged hydraulic filter or suction line - Service suction line or replace hydraulic filter.
Worn or defective hand or foot controls - Inspect and repair if necessary.
Worn drive motor or pump - Check and repair if required.

Lack of power

Hydraulic oil filter is clogged - Change or clean hydraulic filter.
Relief valve is defective or open - Close or change relief valve.
Transmission components are faulty or damaged - Inspect and change faulty parts.
Input drive shaft is stuck - Replace drive shaft.
There is air in the hydraulic system - Bleed air from system.

Drive system keeps overheating

Low hydraulic oil level - Need to add oil.
Clogged hydraulic fluid filter - Replace or service hydraulic filter.
Relief valve is damaged - Change or repair defective relief valve.
Damaged drive pump or hydraulic motor - Inspect and change as required.
Plugged hydraulic oil cooler - Clean the cooling fins.
Transmission overloading - Load needs to be reduced.

Excessive noise

Improper oil viscosity - Use proper oil viscosity.
Air in the hydraulic system - Bleed air from system.
Hydraulic motor or drive pump is defective - Inspect and replace as necessary.
Mechanical parts of drive system are damaged or worn - Inspect the components for worn or defect and repair as required.

Hydraulics Troubleshooting

Hydraulic system overheated

Incorrect hydraulic pressure setting - Correct adjustment is required.
Main relief valve is damaged or adjusted improperly - Adjust or change relief valve.
Contaminated hydraulic fluid - Hydraulic fluid change required.
Lack of hydraulic fluid - Fill the hydraulic system with oil.
Faulty hydraulic oil pump - Replace or repair pump if necessary.

Boom fails to lift or drop

Defective lift controls - Repair or replace.
Hydraulic pump malfunction - Install new pump or repair it.
Hydraulic control valve malfunction - Install a new valve or repair it.
Hydraulic cylinder is faulty - Repair or change hydraulic cylinder.
Insufficient hydraulic fluid - Checking hydraulic fluid level and add if necessary.

Bucket fails to tilt

Faulty bucket tilt controls - Repair or replace.
Damaged hydraulic oil pump - Install new pump or repair it.
Faulty hydraulic control valve - Repair or replace the valve.
Damaged bucket cylinder - Repair or change cylinder.
Low hydraulic oil level - Check and refill the hydraulic oil.

Bucket or lift arm moves slowly

Defective hydraulic pump - Check hydraulic pump flow and replace pump if necessary.
Hydraulic cylinder leaking - Repair leak by replacing the seals.
Hydraulic oil level low - Fill the system to proper hydraulic oil level.
Faulty or incorrect setting hydraulic control valve - Set correctly or repair.
Hydraulic system loosing pressure - Adjust pressure correctly.

Jerky operation of the bucket or boom

Air in the hydraulic system - Air bleeding is required.
Dirty hydraulic oil filter - Service or change the hydraulic filter.
Hydraulic oil contamination - The oil must be changed.
Scored cylinder tube or rod - Change defective component.

Hydraulic pump makes excessive noise

Hydraulic leaks or lack of oil - Top up hydraulic oil or remedy leakage in system.
Clogged hydraulic filter - Replace or clean the filter.
Clogged suction line - Suction line needs to be cleaned.
Pump is sucking air - Bleed air from hydraulics.
Damaged pump components - Rebuild or install new pump.

Electrical Troubleshooting

Battery cannot be charged

Electrical cable connections are loose or corroded - Tighten or clean electrical wiring connections.
Battery terminal clamps are faulty - Install new terminal clamps.
Dead cell in battery - Battery replacement required.
Damaged or loose belt - Replace belt or adjust belt tension.

Starter motor cranks slow

Low battery output - Battery needs to be recharged.
Battery runs out quickly - Battery needs to be serviced or replaced.
Wires are disconnected or battery terminals are corroded - Check battery wires and service or replace terminals.

Starter will not work

Battery is discharged or worn - Charge or change the battery.
Wiring is incorrectly connected or disconnected - Inspect wiring and connect correctly.
Battery voltage is low - Recharge the battery.
Starter motor is damaged - Repair or change starter.