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Continental TMD27 Engine

General Technical Data

Engine Specifications

Engine Model ............... Continental TMD27
Engine Type ............... 4-cycle inline 4-cylinder overhead valve liquid-cooled diesel
Number of Cylinders ............... 4
Cylinder Arrangement ............... In-line
Engine Bore, in (mm) ............... 3.58 (91.0)
Engine Stroke, in (mm) ............... 4.06 (103.2)
Displacement, cu.in (L) ............... 164 (2.7)
Rated Engine Power, hp (kW) ............... 40-66 (30-49)
Rated Engine Speed, rpm ............... 1800-2500
Peak Torque ............... 165-180 Nm (122-133 lb-ft) at 1400-1600 rpm
Idle Speed ............... 700-800 rpm
Aspiration Type ............... Naturally Aspirated
Operating Speed ............... 1800-2200 rpm
Compression Ratio ............... 20.5:1
Firing Order ............... 1-3-4-2
Main Bearing Shell Material ............... Steel-backed copper-lead matrix alloy
Connecting Rod Bearing Material ............... Tri-metal heavy-duty composite coating
Camshaft Bearing Material ............... Babbitt lined precision shell bushings
Valves Per Cylinder ............... 2
Camshaft Drive Type ............... Gear-driven train
Crankcase Ventilation ............... Closed circuit breather valve
Combustion Chamber ............... Direct injection bowl-in-piston design
Glow Plug System ............... Pre-heating element per cylinder
Cylinder Block Type ............... Cast iron with wet replaceable liners
Cylinder Head Type ............... Cast iron crossflow design
Lubrication System ............... Full-pressure gear-driven assembly
Oil Pump Type ............... Internal gear type
Oil Filter Type ............... Full-flow spin-on canister
Cooling System ............... Liquid-cooled forced centrifugal circulation
Water Pump Type ............... Belt-driven centrifugal type
Air Cleaner Type ............... Dry dual-element heavy duty
Starting System ............... Electric starter motor
Electrical System Voltage, V ............... 12
Alternator Output, A ............... 37-65

Fuel System

Fuel Injection Pump Manufacturer ............... CAV Lucas or Stanadyne option
Fuel Pump Type ............... Rotary distributor mechanical style
Injection Pump Drive ............... Gear-driven from timing train assembly
Fuel Injector Nozzle Type ............... Multi-hole pintle type nozzles
Fuel Injection Pressure, psi (bar) ............... 2300-2500 (158.5-172.4)
Fuel Transfer Pump Type ............... Mechanical diaphragm style plunger pump
Fuel Filter Primary Element ............... Spin-on element with integrated water separator
Fuel Filter Secondary Element ............... Fine micron secondary paper cartridge element
Fuel Return Line Flow Rate, gph (L/h) ............... 4.5-6.0 (17.0-22.7)
Governor Type ............... Mechanical centrifugal flyweight
Governor Regulation Dropout ............... 5-8 percent speed change variation
Maximum Fuel Inlet Temperature, deg F (deg C) ............... 140 (60)
Fuel Tank Vent Requirement ............... Open atmospheric non-restricted breathing path
Maximum Lift Pump Suction Head, ft (m) ............... 3.3 (1.0)
Fuel Injector Opening Pressure, psi (bar) ............... 2400 (165.5)
Injection Timing Angle, deg BTDC ............... 12-16
Fuel Supply Line Internal Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.312 (7.9)
Fuel Return Line Internal Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.250 (6.3)
Leak-off System Configuration ............... Combined manifold routed back to primary filter
Injection Pump Lubrication ............... Self-lubricated via internal diesel fuel flow path
Fuel Specific Gravity Range ............... 0.820-0.860 at reference temperature base
Fuel Pre-heater Capacity, W ............... 100-150 electrical resistance element
High Pressure Fuel Line Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.078 (2.0) internal passage bore
High Pressure Fuel Line Outer Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.250 (6.35)
Injection Pump Shutoff Mechanism ............... Electrical solenoid or mechanical cable linkage
Max Fuel Pump Input Pressure, psi (bar) ............... 10 (0.68)

Dimensions and Weight

Overall Length, in (mm) ............... 28.4 (720)
Overall Width, in (mm) ............... 21.6 (550)
Overall Height, in (mm) ............... 29.8 (755)
Dry Weight, lbs (kg) ............... 421 (191)
Wet Weight, lbs (kg) ............... 445 (202)

Maintenance Data

Service Information

Compression Pressure (Minimum), psi (bar) ............... 380 (26.2)
Minimum Oil Pressure at Low Idle, psi (bar) ............... 7.2 (0.5)
Minimum Oil Pressure at Rated Speed, psi (bar) ............... 35 (2.4)
Maximum Oil Temperature Crankcase Sump, F (C) ............... 250 (121)
Coolant Thermostat Opening Initial Temp, F (C) ............... 176 (80)
Coolant Thermostat Fully Open Temp, F (C) ............... 197 (92)
Radiator Cap Pressure Setting, psi (bar) ............... 7-10 (0.48-0.68)
Intake Valve Clearance, Cold, in (mm) ............... 0.014 (0.356)
Exhaust Valve Clearance, Cold, in (mm) ............... 0.016 (0.406)

Engine Oil and Coolant

Engine Oil Type .................. SAE 30, SAE 10W-30, 15W-40
API Service Classifications ......................... CD or CE
Engine Oil Capacity (Crankcase Only), qt (L) ............... 4.0 (3.78)
Engine Oil Capacity with Filter, qt (L) ............... 5.0 (4.73)
Coolant Capacity (Block and Head), qt (L) ............... 2.11 (2.00)

Service Intervals

Change engine oil ............... Every 100 hours
Replace oil filter ............... Every 100 hours
Replace fuel filters ............... Every 250 hours
Inspect air filter ............... Every 50 hours
Replace air filter ............... Every 500 hours
Change coolant ............... Every 1000 hours
Valve-lash adjustment ............... Every 500 hours
Check fuel system ............... Every 1000 hours
Compression test ............... Every 1000 hours
Belt inspection ............... Every 100 hours

Service Specifications

Cylinder Bore Inside Diameter, in (mm) ............... 3.582-3.583 (91.000-91.025)
Cylinder Bore Maximum Out of Round, in (mm) ............... 0.003 (0.076)
Cylinder Bore Maximum Taper, in (mm) ............... 0.004 (0.102)
Cylinder Liner Wall Thickness, in (mm) ............... 0.098 (2.50)
Connecting Rod Journal Diameter, in (mm) ............... 1.9365-1.9375 (49.187-49.212)
Connecting Rod Bearing Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0015-0.0032 (0.038-0.081)
Connecting Rod End Side Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.005-0.010 (0.127-0.254)
Crankshaft Main Journal Diameter, in (mm) ............... 2.8718-2.8730 (72.944-72.974)
Crankshaft Main Bearing Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0020-0.0038 (0.051-0.096)
Crankshaft End Play, in (mm) ............... 0.004-0.008 (0.102-0.203)
Crankshaft Journal Maximum Out of Round, in (mm) ............... 0.0005 (0.013)
Piston Skirt Outer Diameter, in (mm) ............... 3.578-3.579 (90.880-90.910)
Piston to Cylinder Wall Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0035-0.0050 (0.089-0.127)
Piston Pin Outer Diameter, in (mm) ............... 1.1248-1.1250 (28.570-28.575)
Piston Pin to Con Rod Bushing Clearance in , in (mm) ............... 0.0005-0.0010 (0.013-0.025)
Piston Pin to Piston Pin Bore Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0002-0.0006 (0.005-0.015)
Top Ring Groove Width, in (mm) ............... 0.099-0.100 (2.515-2.540)
Second Ring Groove Width, in (mm) ............... 0.079-0.080 (2.007-2.032)
Oil Ring Groove Width, in (mm) ............... 0.158-0.159 (4.013-4.038)
Top Ring Side Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0025-0.0040 (0.063-0.102)
Second Ring Side Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0020-0.0035 (0.051-0.089)
Oil Ring Side Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0015-0.0030 (0.038-0.076)
Top Ring End Gap, in (mm) ............... 0.012-0.022 (0.305-0.559)
Second Ring End Gap, in (mm) ............... 0.010-0.020 (0.254-0.508)
Oil Ring End Gap, in (mm) ............... 0.010-0.020 (0.254-0.508)
Cylinder Head Deck Surface Flatness, in (mm) ............... 0.002 (0.051)
Intake Valve Stem Outer Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.3412-0.3418 (8.666-8.681)
Exhaust Valve Stem Outer Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.3402-0.3408 (8.641-8.656)
Valve Guide Inside Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.3432-0.3442 (8.717-8.743)
Intake Valve Stem to Guide Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0014-0.0030 (0.036-0.076)
Exhaust Valve Stem to Guide Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0024-0.0040 (0.061-0.102)
Valve Face Angle, deg ............... 45
Valve Seat Angle, deg ............... 45
Valve Seat Depth, in (mm) ............... 0.281-0.285 (7.14-7.24)
Valve Head Margining Edge, in (mm) ............... 0.031 (0.79)
Valve Spring Free Length, in (mm) ............... 1.920 (48.77)
Camshaft Journal Diameter (Front), in (mm) ............... 1.996-1.997 (50.698-50.724)
Camshaft Journal Diameter (Center), in (mm) ............... 1.934-1.935 (49.124-49.149)
Camshaft Journal Diameter (Rear), in (mm) ............... 1.871-1.872 (47.523-47.549)
Camshaft Bearing Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0015-0.0040 (0.038-0.102)
Camshaft End Play, in (mm) ............... 0.003-0.007 (0.076-0.178)
Cam Lobe Lift (Intake), in (mm) ............... 0.285 (7.239)
Cam Lobe Lift (Exhaust), in (mm) ............... 0.285 (7.239)
Rocker Arm Shaft Outer Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.748-0.749 (19.00-19.02)
Rocker Arm Bushing Inside Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.750-0.751 (19.05-19.07)
Rocker Arm Shaft to Bushing Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.001-0.003 (0.025-0.076)
Tappet Valve Lifter Body Outer Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.997-0.998 (25.32-25.35)
Tappet Lifter Bore Inside Block Diameter, in (mm) ............... 1.000-1.001 (25.40-25.43)
Tappet to Block Bore Radial Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.002-0.004 (0.051-0.102)
Idler Gear Bushing Inside Diameter, in (mm) ............... 1.250-1.251 (31.75-31.77)
Idler Gear Shaft Outside Diameter, in (mm) ............... 1.248-1.249 (31.70-31.72)
Idler Gear Running Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.001-0.003 (0.025-0.076)

Tightening Torques

Cylinder Head Fasteners 10mm Bolts (1-Stage), Nm (lb-ft) ............... 47-61 (35-45)
Cylinder Head Fasteners 10mm Bolts (2-Stage), Nm (lb-ft) ............... 61-68 (45-50)
Cylinder Head Fasteners 12mm Bolts, Nm (lb-ft) ............... 115-128 (85-95)
Connecting Rod Cap Fasteners Precision Nuts, Nm (lb-ft) ............... 61-68 (45-50)
Main Bearing Cap Fasteners Large Fixing Bolts, Nm (lb-ft) ............... 149-163 (110-120)
Flywheel Retaining Bolts Standard Thread Pitch, Nm (lb-ft) ............... 75-88 (55-65)
Flywheel Housing Fasteners Outer Perimeter Bolts, Nm (lb-ft) ............... 41-47 (30-35)
Camshaft Thrust Plate Retaining Fasteners Small Bolts, Nm (lb-ft) ............... 20-27 (15-20)
Camshaft Timing Gear Center Hub Lock Nut, Nm (lb-ft) ............... 108-122 (80-90)
Crankshaft Front Pulley Damper Center Assembly Bolt, Nm (lb-ft) ............... 163-176 (120-130)
Timing Gear Case Cover Outer Fasteners Fixing Screws, Nm (lb-ft) ............... 20-24 (15-18)
Rocker Arm Shaft Support Bracket Retaining Nut, Nm (lb-ft) ............... 27-34 (20-25)
Rocker Arm Valve Lash Adjuster Jam Lock Nut, Nm (lb-ft) ............... 16-22 (12-16)
Valve Rocker Mechanism Chamber Cover Top Holding Screws, Nm (lb-ft) ............... 8-11 (6-8)
Oil Pan Sump Perimeter Drain Plug Main Body Thread, Nm (lb-ft) ............... 47-54 (35-40)
Oil Pan Sump Retaining Flange Outer Mounting Screws, Nm (lb-ft) ............... 16-22 (12-16)
Oil Pump Assembly Internal Pick-up Tube Retainer Bolts, Nm (lb-ft) ............... 20-24 (15-18)
Oil Pump Main Housing Body To Cylinder Block Bolts, Nm (lb-ft) ............... 27-34 (20-25)
Water Pump Assembly Outer Body To Engine Block Bolts, Nm (lb-ft) ............... 27-34 (20-25)
Water Pump Outlet Coolant Bypass Pipe Connection Fitting, Nm (lb-ft) ............... 34-41 (25-30)
Fuel Injection Pump Drive Hub Assembly Lock Nut, Nm (lb-ft) ............... 61-68 (45-50)
Fuel Injection Pump Mounting Flange Stud Retaining Nuts, Nm (lb-ft) ............... 27-34 (20-25)
Fuel Injector Body Clamping Bracket Assembly Fasteners, Nm (lb-ft) ............... 20-27 (15-20)
Fuel Injector High Pressure Fuel Line Union Nuts, Nm (lb-ft) ............... 24-27 (18-20)
Fuel Transfer Diaphragm Pump Housing Body Mount Studs, Nm (lb-ft) ............... 16-22 (12-16)
Exhaust Manifold Assembly Main High Temp Mounting Stud Nuts, Nm (lb-ft) ............... 34-41 (25-30)
Intake Manifold Flange Fastening Plate Hex Header Screws, Nm (lb-ft) ............... 27-34 (20-25)
Glow Plug Body Thread Into Cylinder Head Base, Nm (lb-ft) ............... 20-24 (15-18)
Glow Plug Power Supply Cable Rail Tiny Nut Terminals, Nm (lb-ft) ............... 3-4 (2-3)
Oil Pressure Sensor Sending Switch Hex Screw Fitting, Nm (lb-ft) ............... 14-16 (10-12)
Coolant Temperature Sensor Sending Switch Thread Fitting, Nm (lb-ft) ............... 20-24 (15-18)
Starter Motor Frame Mounting Bracket Flange Stud Nuts, Nm (lb-ft) ............... 47-54 (35-40)
Alternator Pivot Mount Long Assembly Frame Support Bolt, Nm (lb-ft) ............... 41-47 (30-35)
Alternator Tension Link Bracket Fixing Adjuster Lock Bolt, Nm (lb-ft) ............... 20-24 (15-18)
Crankcase Breather Valve Baffle Shield Cover Screws, Nm (lb-ft) ............... 8-11 (6-8)
Oil Filter Adaptor Center Spindle Core Mounting Stud, Nm (lb-ft) ............... 34-41 (25-30)
Cylinder Liner Lower Sealing Ring Pack Press Flange Plate, Nm (lb-ft) ............... 14-16 (10-12)
Flywheel Inspection Cover Plate Small Thread Fasteners, Nm (lb-ft) ............... 8-11 (6-8)
Front Crankshaft Oil Seal Retainer Outer Housing Screws, Nm (lb-ft) ............... 16-22 (12-16)
Rear Crankshaft Oil Seal Retainer Large Housing Screws, Nm (lb-ft) ............... 16-22 (12-16)
Thermostat Housing Main Cover Casting Retaining Bolts, Nm (lb-ft) ............... 27-34 (20-25)
Fan Drive Pulley Assembly Extension Spacer Center Hub Bolts, Nm (lb-ft) ............... 20-27 (15-20)
Cylinder Block Main Oil Gallery End Sealing Plug Hex, Nm (lb-ft) ............... 34-41 (25-30)
Cylinder Block Side Water Jacket Drain Valve Body Tap, Nm (lb-ft) ............... 20-24 (15-18)
Governor Housing Cover Plate Tiny Adjusting Seal Screws, Nm (lb-ft) ............... 6-8 (4-6)
Fuel Filter Mounting Bracket Base To Cylinder Block Bolts, Nm (lb-ft) ............... 27-34 (20-25)
Air Cleaner Intake Duct Bracing Band Clamp Tension Nut, Nm (lb-ft) ............... 4-6 (3-4)
Engine Lifting Bracket Heavy Duty Anchor Structural Bolts, Nm (lb-ft) ............... 47-61 (35-45)
Bellhousing Alignment Guide Pin Lock Retaining Fasteners, Nm (lb-ft) ............... 41-47 (30-35)

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