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Yanmar 3T84 Engine

General Technical Data

Engine Specifications

Engine Model ............... Yanmar 3T84
Engine Type ............... 4-cycle vertical inline 3-cylinder liquid-cooled diesel
Number of Cylinders ............... 3
Cylinder Arrangement ............... In-line vertical
Engine Bore, in (mm) ............... 3.31 (84.0)
Engine Stroke, in (mm) ............... 3.39 (86.0)
Displacement, cu.in (L) ............... 87.2 (1.429)
Rated Engine Power, hp (kW) ............... 22.0-30.0 (16.4-22.4)
Rated Engine Speed, rpm ............... 2200-2800
Maximum No-Load Speed, rpm ............... 2400-3000
Minimum Idle Speed, rpm ............... 700-800
Aspiration Type ............... Naturally Aspirated
Combustion System Type ............... Special swirl chamber or direct injection
Compression Ratio ............... 20.0:1-22.5:1
Firing Order ............... 1-3-2
Direction of Rotation ............... Counterclockwise viewed from flywheel side
Cylinder Block Material ............... High-strength cast iron alloy
Cylinder Head Material ............... Monoblock cast iron alloy
Lubrication System ............... Forced pressure circulation by trochoid pump
Oil Pump Drive ............... Crankshaft gear driven
Oil Filter Element Type ............... Full-flow cartridge spin-on filtration
Cooling System ............... Forced liquid circulation with centrifugal pump and radiator unit
Water Pump Drive ............... V-belt drive from crankshaft pulley
Air Cleaner Type ............... Dry element dual stage protection filter
Compression Release Mechanism ............... Manual lever activation system
Starting System ............... Electric starting motor activation
Electrical System ............... 12V DC grounding system

Fuel System

Fuel Injection Pump Type ............... In-line Bosch Type YPD plug-in or block combination pumps
Fuel Injection Pump Manufacturer ............... Yanmar proprietary or licensed builds
Fuel Injector Nozzle Type ............... Throttle or hole type nozzle depending on combustion chamber
Fuel Injector Opening Valve Pressure, psi (bar) ............... 1991.0-2133.0 (137.3-147.1)
Fuel Feed Pump Type ............... Mechanical diaphragm type powered by camshaft eccentric lobe
Fuel Feed Pump Delivery Pressure, psi (bar) ............... 2.8-4.3 (0.19-0.30)
Fuel Filter Type ............... Spin-on paper element cartridge with water separator reservoir
Fuel Injection Pipe Internal Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.059-0.078 (1.5-2.0)
Fuel Injection Pipe Outer Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.236 (6.0)
Fuel Return Line Tube Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.157-0.315 (4.0-8.0)
Injection Timing Advance Angle, deg BTDC ............... 16.0-19.0
Plunger Diameter for Injection Pump, in (mm) ............... 0.216-0.275 (5.5-7.0)
Plunger Stroke length for Injection Pump, in (mm) ............... 0.236-0.275 (6.0-7.0)
Number of Nozzle Hole ............... 1 or 4 depending on swirl chamber versus direct injection head layout
Nozzle Hole Diameter Dimension, in (mm) ............... 0.0098-0.0118 (0.25-0.30)
Glow Plug Type ............... Sheathed rapid heating electrical element
Glow Plug Rated Electrical Tension, V ............... 12.0
Glow Plug Current Consumption Rating, A ............... 8.0-12.0 per individual plug unit
Governor System Mechanism ............... Mechanical centrifugal flyweight layout system
Governor Linkage Connection Variant ............... Direct control rod connection to fuel pump rack
Speed Droop Characteristic Percentage, % ............... 5.0-8.0
Fuel Control Rack Total Travel Stroke, in (mm) ............... 0.472-0.551 (12.0-14.0)
Maximum Fuel Flow Delivery Rate, g/min ............... 120.0-150.0
Fuel Stop Solenoid Coil Internal Resistance, ohm ............... 8.5-12.5
Manual Stop Lever Placement ............... External mechanical attachment point on governor case

Dimensions and Weight

Overall Length, in (mm) ............... 21.3-24.5 (540-620)
Overall Width, in (mm) ............... 18.1-20.3 (460-515)
Overall Height, in (mm) ............... 22.8-26.4 (580-670)
Dry Weight, lbs (kg) ............... 320.0-375.0 (145-170.)
Operating Weight, lbs (kg) ............... 345-405 (157-184)

Maintenance Data

Service Information

Cylinder Compression Pressure, psi (bar) ............... 398.0-455.0 (27.4-31.4)
Minimum Compression Pressure, psi (bar) ............... 341.0 (23.5)
Compression Variation Between Cylinders, psi (bar) ............... 28.4-42.6 (1.96-2.94)
Oil Pressure at Normal Speeds, psi (bar) ............... 42.6-56.8 (2.94-3.92)
Oil Pressure at Low Idle Speed, psi (bar) ............... 7.1-14.2 (0.49-0.98)
Cooling Thermostat Valve Starting Opening, F (C) ............... 160.0-165.0 (71.1-73.9)
Cooling Thermostat Valve Full Opening, F (C) ............... 185.0-190.0 (85.0-87.8)
Intake Valve Clearance (Cold), in (mm) ............... 0.0059-0.0078 (0.15-0.20)
Exhaust Valve Clearance (Cold), in (mm) ............... 0.0059-0.0078 (0.15-0.20)

Engine Oil and Coolant

Engine Oil Type .................. SAE 10W-30, SAE 15W-40
API Service Classifications ......................... CD, CE, CF-4
Engine Oil Sump Total Capacity, qt (L) ............... 4.2-5.8 (4.0-5.5)
Oil Minimum Low Level Indicator, qt (L) ............... 2.6-3.7 (2.5-3.5)
Coolant Capacity (Block and Head), qt (L) ............... 2.1-3.2 (2.0-3.0)
Coolant Capacity with Radiator Unit, qt (L) ............... 5.3-7.4 (5.0-7.0)

Service Intervals

Change engine oil ............... Every 150 hours
Replace oil filter ............... Every 150 hours
Replace fuel filter ............... Every 250 hours
Service air filter ............... Every 100 hours
Replace air filter ............... Every 500 hours
Change coolant ............... Every 1000 hours
Valve-lash adjustment ............... Every 500 hours
Check fuel system ............... Every 1000 hours
Compression test ............... Every 1000 hours
Belt inspection ............... Every 100 hours

Service Specifications

Cylinder Bore Inside Diameter, in (mm) ............... 3.3071-3.3083 (84.000-84.030)
Cylinder Bore Wear Maximum Limit, in (mm) ............... 3.3150 (84.200)
Piston Skirt Outer Diameter, in (mm) ............... 3.3031-3.3043 (83.900-83.930)
Piston to Cylinder Bore Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0027-0.0051 (0.070-0.130)
Piston Pin Bore Inside Diameter, in (mm) ............... 1.0236-1.0240 (26.000-26.010)
Piston Pin Outer Diameter, in (mm) ............... 1.0231-1.0236 (25.988-26.000)
Piston Pin to Piston Pin Bore Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0000-0.0008 (0.000-0.022)
Piston Pin to Small End Bushing Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0007-0.0020 (0.020-0.052)
Crankshaft Main Journal Diameter, in (mm) ............... 2.1641-2.1647 (54.969-54.985)
Crankshaft Main Journal Out of Roundness, in (mm) ............... 0.0003 (0.010)
Crankpin Journal Diameter, in (mm) ............... 1.8885-1.8891 (47.969-47.985)
Main Bearing Shell Inside Diameter, in (mm) ............... 2.1653-2.1665 (55.000-55.030)
Crankpin Bearing Shell Inside Diameter, in (mm) ............... 1.8897-1.8909 (48.000-48.030)
Main Bearing Oil Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0005-0.0024 (0.015-0.061)
Crankpin Bearing Oil Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0005-0.0024 (0.015-0.061)
Crankshaft End Play, in (mm) ............... 0.0043-0.0090 (0.110-0.230)
Connecting Rod Big End Side Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0078-0.0157 (0.200-0.400)
Connecting Rod Small End Bushing I.D, in (mm) ............... 1.0244-1.0251 (26.020-26.040)
Top Ring Groove Width, in (mm) ............... 0.0787-0.0795 (2.000-2.020)
Second Ring Groove Width, in (mm) ............... 0.0787-0.0795 (2.000-2.020)
Oil Ring Groove Width, in (mm) ............... 0.1574-0.1582 (4.000-4.020)
Top Ring Side Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0027-0.0043 (0.070-0.110)
Second Ring Side Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0015-0.0031 (0.040-0.080)
Oil Ring Side Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0007-0.0023 (0.020-0.060)
Top Ring End Gap, in (mm) ............... 0.0078-0.0157 (0.200-0.400)
Second Ring End Gap, in (mm) ............... 0.0078-0.0157 (0.200-0.400)
Oil Ring End Gap, in (mm) ............... 0.0078-0.0157 (0.200-0.400)
Cylinder Head Lower Deck Surface Distortion Flatness, in (mm) ............... 0.0019 (0.050)
Intake Valve Stem Outer Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.3129-0.3137 (7.950-7.970)
Exhaust Valve Stem Outer Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.3110-0.3122 (7.900-7.930)
Intake Valve Guide Inside Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.3149-0.3155 (8.000-8.015)
Exhaust Valve Guide Inside Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.3149-0.3155 (8.000-8.015)
Intake Valve Stem to Guide Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0011-0.0025 (0.030-0.065)
Exhaust Valve Stem to Guide Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0027-0.0045 (0.070-0.115)
Valve Head Sinkage Depth, in (mm) ............... 0.0275-0.0354 (0.700-0.900)
Valve Seat Contact Width, in (mm) ............... 0.0433-0.0551 (1.100-1.400)
Valve Spring Free Lenght, in (mm) ............... 1.6535-1.6929 (42.000-43.000)
Camshaft Main Journal Diameter, in (mm) ............... 1.7303-1.7311 (43.950-43.970)
Camshaft Bushing Inside Diameter, in (mm) ............... 1.7322-1.7334 (44.000-44.030)
Camshaft Journal Oil Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0011-0.0031 (0.030-0.080)
Intake Cam Lobe Height, in (mm) ............... 1.4547-1.4586 (36.950-37.050)
Exhaust Cam Lobe Height, in (mm) ............... 1.4547-1.4586 (36.950-37.050)
Camshaft End Play, in (mm) ............... 0.0019-0.0059 (0.050-0.150)
Tappet Valve Lifter Outer Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.4704-0.4712 (11.950-11.970)
Tappet Guide Bore Inside Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.4724-0.4731 (12.000-12.018)
Tappet to Guide Bore Oil Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0011-0.0026 (0.030-0.068)
Rocker Arm Shaft Outer Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.6279-0.6287 (15.950-15.970)
Rocker Arm Bushing Inside Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.6299-0.6307 (16.000-16.020)
Rocker Arm Shaft to Bushing Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0011-0.0027 (0.030-0.070)
Crankshaft Gear to Camshaft Gear Backlash, in (mm) ............... 0.0027-0.0055 (0.070-0.140)
Camshaft Gear to Idler Gear Backlash, in (mm) ............... 0.0027-0.0055 (0.070-0.140)
Idler Gear to Oil Pump Gear Backlash, in (mm) ............... 0.0027-0.0055 (0.070-0.140)

Tightening Torques

Cylinder Head Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 54.2-57.8 (73.5-78.4)
Connecting Rod Cap Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 32.5-36.1 (44.1-49.0)
Main Bearing Cap Screws, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 54.2-57.8 (73.5-78.4)
Flywheel Fastener Screws, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 57.8-61.4 (78.4-83.3)
Crankshaft V-belt Drive Pulley Nut, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 83.1-90.4 (112.7-122.5)
Camshaft Drive Gear Nut, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 43.3-50.6 (58.8-68.6)
Rocker Shaft Support Bracket Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 18.0-21.6 (24.5-29.4)
Cylinder Head Top Cover Capscrews, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 5.0-7.2 (6.8-9.8)
Main Crankcase Split Line Screws, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 14.4-18.0 (19.6-24.5)
Engine Mounting Pad To Block Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 36.1-43.3 (49.0-58.8)
Fuel Injector Nozzle Assembly Cap, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 28.9-36.1 (39.2-49.0)
Fuel Injector Assembly Clamping Nut, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 14.4-18.0 (19.6-24.5)
Fuel Injection High Pressure Line Fittings, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 18.0-21.6 (24.5-29.4)
Fuel Delivery Return Line Banjo Screw, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 7.2-10.8 (9.8-14.7)
Fuel Pump Housing Drive Gear Mounting Nut, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 43.3-50.6 (58.8-68.6)
Fuel Pump Body To Cylinder Block Nuts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 14.4-18.0 (19.6-24.5)
Electric Glow Plug, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 10.8-14.4 (14.7-19.6)
Oil Pan Bottom Base Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 7.2-10.8 (9.8-14.7)
Oil Pan Bottom Drain Plug, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 36.1-43.3 (49.0-58.8)
Full-Flow Oil Filter Mounting Stud, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 14.4-21.6 (19.6-29.4)
Oil Pump Cover Assembly Screws, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 5.0-7.2 (6.8-9.8)
Water Pump Housing Mounting Screws, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 14.4-18.0 (19.6-24.5)
Cooling Water Flange Pipes Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 7.2-10.8 (9.8-14.7)
Cooling Thermo Sensor Sending Unit, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 18.0-25.2 (24.5-34.3)
Cooling Radiator Support Fan Blade Screws, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 5.0-7.2 (6.8-9.8)
Intake Manifold To Cylinder Head Flange Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 14.4-18.0 (19.6-24.5)
Exhaust Manifold To Cylinder Head Flange Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 18.0-21.6 (24.5-29.4)
Starter Motor Flange Mounting Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 28.9-36.1 (39.2-49.0)
Alternator Swivel Bracket Pivot Bolt, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 14.4-18.0 (19.6-24.5)
Alternator Adjusting Locking Tension Screw, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 10.8-14.4 (14.7-19.6)
Oil Pressure Warning Sender Switch, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 10.8-14.4 (14.7-19.6)
Timing Gear Outer Cover Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 14.4-18.0 (19.6-24.5)
Flywheel Bell Housing Plate Casting Screws, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 28.9-36.1 (39.2-49.0)
Idler Gear Assembly Hub Shaft Screw, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 18.0-21.6 (24.5-29.4)
Governor Housing Cover Backing Plate Screws, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 5.0-7.2 (6.8-9.8)
Breather Valve Chamber Cover Cap Screws, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 5.0-7.2 (6.8-9.8)
Air Intake Silencer Hose Ring Worm Screw, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 1.4-2.1 (2.0-3.0)
Fuel Pump Delivery Valve Holder Screw, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 25.2-28.9 (34.3-39.2)
Fuel Feed Pump Housing Screws, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 7.2-10.8 (9.8-14.7)

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