________________________________________________________________________________

Shibaura T854B Engine

The Shibaura T854B is a heavy-duty, 2.268-liter (138.4 cu.in) straight-four, liquid-cooled, naturally aspirated vertical diesel engine. Engineered for agricultural and utility applications, it is most notably used to power the Ford 2110 compact tractor and the Shibaura S445. The engine is highly regarded for its compact footprint, mechanical reliability, and efficient torque delivery, making it ideal for steady, high-load operations. It utilizes an overhead valve configuration paired with a cast-iron cylinder block and head assembly to maximize structural durability.

The T854B features an Overhead Valve (OHV) design operating in a vertical, straight-four layout. It uses two valves per cylinder (one intake, one exhaust), driven by a gear-timed camshaft in the crankcase via pushrods and rocker arms. Correct valve clearance adjustments must be performed when the engine is cold according to specific timing layouts, adhering to the engine's distinct firing order of 1-3-4-2. Bore: 85.0 mm (3.35 inches). Stroke: 100.0 mm (3.94 inches).

Fuel System: This unit utilizes an indirect fuel injection system (IDI). Fuel is pressurized and delivered via an inline mechanical fuel injection pump driven directly by the engine's gear train. The fuel is misted through injection nozzles into specialized pre-combustion chambers rather than the main cylinder chamber. This indirect configuration ensures smooth fuel burning, reduced diesel knock, and consistent ignition timing under variable load characteristics.

Lubrication is managed via a forced pressure feed system driven by an internal trochoid oil pump. The system features a full-flow cartridge element filter and an internal pressure relief valve to maintain consistent oil flow across the main bearings, connecting rods, and overhead valve mechanism. The engine features a closed, forced-circulation liquid cooling system. Coolant circulation is powered by a belt-driven centrifugal water pump located at the front of the block. The assembly incorporates a pellet-type thermostat to control coolant flow between the bypass circuit and the radiator, regulating stable internal operating temperatures during sustained operations.

General Technical Data

Engine Specifications

Engine Model ............... Shibaura T854B
Engine Type ............... 4-cycle inline 4-cylinder direct injection liquid-cooled diesel
Number of Cylinders ............... 4
Cylinder Arrangement ............... In-line
Engine Bore, in (mm) ............... 3.35 (85.0)
Engine Stroke, in (mm) ............... 3.94 (100.0)
Displacement, cu.in (L) ............... 138.4 (2.268)
Rated Engine Power, hp (kW) ............... 38.0 (28.3)
Rated Engine Speed, rpm ............... 2500
Peak Torque, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 89.59 (121.4) at 2000 rpm
Idle Speed, rpm ............... 750-850
Max No-Load Speed, rpm ............... 2700-2750
Aspiration Type ............... Naturally Aspirated
Compression Ratio ............... 21.0:1
Firing Order ............... 1-3-4-2
Combustion Chamber ............... Special swirl chamber type
Cylinder Liner Type ............... Parent bore cast iron
Direction of Rotation ............... Counter-clockwise facing flywheel
Cylinder Block Type ............... Cast iron
Cylinder Head Type ............... Cast iron monoblock
Lubrication System ............... Forced pressure lubrication
Oil Pump Type ............... Trochoid gear-driven pump
Oil Filter Type ............... Full-flow spin-on cartridge
Cooling System ............... Forced liquid circulation
Water Pump Type ............... Belt-driven centrifugal pump
Air Cleaner Type ............... Oil bath or dry dual-element
Starting System ............... Electric starter motor
Electrical System, V ............... 12
Alternator Rating, A ............... 40-55

Fuel System

Fuel Injection Pump Type ............... Bosch inline type or cassette pump
Governor Type ............... Mechanical all-speed centrifugal governor
Fuel Injection Timing ............... 16-18 degrees BTDC
Fuel Injector Type ............... Throttle type nozzle holder assembly
Injection Opening Pressure, psi (MPa) ............... 1990-2130 (13.7-14.7)
Fuel Transfer Pump Type ............... Mechanical diaphragm type pump
Fuel Filter Type ............... Spin-on element with integrated water separator
Fuel Delivery Pressure, psi (kPa) ............... 2.9-5.8 (20.0-40.0)
Maximum Fuel Return Flow, gal/hr (L/hr) ............... 4.5 (17.0)
Injection Nozzle Hole Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.039 (1.0)
Number of Injection Nozzle Holes ............... 1
Fuel Line Outer Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.236 (6.0)
Fuel Line Inner Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.078 (2.0)

Dimensions and Weight

Overall Length, in (mm) ............... 24.8 (630)
Overall Width, in (mm) ............... 19.3 (490)
Overall Height, in (mm) ............... 26.4 (670)
Dry Weight, lbs (kg) ............... 420 (190)
Operating Weight, lbs (kg) ............... 450 (204)

Maintenance Data

Service Information

Compression Pressure, Standard, psi (MPa) ............... 426.7-455.1 (2.94-3.14)
Compression Pressure, Limit, psi (MPa) ............... 355.6 (2.45) at 250 rpm
Oil Pressure at Idle Speed, psi (kPa) ............... 14.2-21.3 (98.0-147.0)
Oil Pressure at Rated Speed, psi (kPa) ............... 42.7-56.9 (294.0-392.0)
Oil Pressure Relief Valve, psi (kPa) ............... 64.0 (441.0)
Thermostat Opening Temperature, F (C) ............... 160-165 (71-74)
Thermostat Full Open Temperature, F (C) ............... 185 (85)
Coolant Temperature Operating Range, F (C) ............... 176-194 (80-90)
Alternator Belt Tension Deflection, in (mm) ............... 0.28-0.47 (7.0-12.0)
Intake Valve Clearance (Cold), in (mm) ............... 0.012 (0.30)
Exhaust Valve Clearance (Cold), in (mm) ............... 0.012 (0.30)

Engine Oil and Coolant

Engine Oil Type .................. SAE 30, SAE 10W-30, or 15W-40
API Service Classifications ......................... CD, CE, CF-4, CH-4
Engine Oil Capacity with Filter, qt (L) ............... 5.8-6.3 (5.5-6.0)
Engine Oil Capacity without Filter, qt (L) ............... 5.3 (5.0)
Cooling System Capacity, qt (L) ............... 6.3-7.4 (6.0-7.0)

Service Intervals

Change oil and filter ............... Every 200 hours
Inspect air cleaner ............... Every 50 hours
Replace air cleaner ............... Every 500 hours
Replace fuel filter ............... Every 300 hours
Valve clearance adjustment ............... Every 500 hours
Fuel system inspection ............... Every 1000 hours
Change coolant ............... Every 1000 hours
Compression test ............... Every 1000 hours
Clean radiator core ............... Every 250 hours
Inspect belt tension ............... Every 100 hours

Service Specifications

Cylinder Bore Inside Diameter (Standard), in (mm) ............... 3.3464-3.3476 (85.000-85.030)
Cylinder Bore Inside Diameter (Service Limit), in (mm) ............... 3.3543 (85.200)
Cylinder Bore Out-of-Round, in (mm) ............... 0.0008 (0.020)
Crankshaft Main Journal Diameter, in (mm) ............... 2.6771-2.6779 (68.000-68.020)
Crankshaft Main Journal Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0015-0.0035 (0.040-0.090)
Crankpin Journal Diameter, in (mm) ............... 2.0472-2.0480 (52.000-52.020)
Crankpin Journal Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0013-0.0031 (0.035-0.080)
Crankshaft End Play, in (mm) ............... 0.0020-0.0078 (0.050-0.200)
Connecting Rod Small End Bushing I.D, in (mm) ............... 1.1027-1.1035 (28.010-28.030)
Piston Skirt Outer Diameter, in (mm) ............... 3.3429-3.3441 (84.910-84.940)
Piston-to-Cylinder Bore Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0023-0.0047 (0.060-0.120)
Piston Pin Bore Inside Diameter, in (mm) ............... 1.1024-1.1027 (28.000-28.008)
Top Ring Groove Width, in (mm) ............... 0.0787-0.0795 (2.000-2.020)
Second Ring Groove Width, in (mm) ............... 0.0787-0.0795 (2.000-2.020)
Oil Ring Groove Width, in (mm) ............... 0.1575-0.1583 (4.000-4.020)
Top Ring Side Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0024-0.0039 (0.060-0.100)
Second Ring Side Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0020-0.0035 (0.050-0.090)
Oil Ring Side Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0012-0.0028 (0.030-0.070)
Top Ring End Gap, in (mm) ............... 0.0078-0.0137 (0.200-0.350)
Second Ring End Gap, in (mm) ............... 0.0059-0.0118 (0.150-0.300)
Oil Ring End Gap, in (mm) ............... 0.0078-0.0157 (0.200-0.400)
Cylinder Head Surface Distortion, in (mm) ............... 0.0019 (0.050)
Cylinder Block Top Surface Distortion, in (mm) ............... 0.0019 (0.050)
Intake Valve Stem Outer Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.2736-0.2744 (6.950-6.970)
Exhaust Valve Stem Outer Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.2724-0.2732 (6.920-6.940)
Intake Valve Guide Inner Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.2756-0.2764 (7.000-7.020)
Exhaust Valve Guide Inner Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.2756-0.2764 (7.000-7.020)
Intake Valve Stem-to-Guide Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0011-0.0027 (0.030-0.070)
Exhaust Valve Stem-to-Guide Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0023-0.0039 (0.060-0.100)
Valve Margin Thickness, in (mm) ............... 0.0393-0.0472 (1.000-1.200)
Valve Spring Free Length, in (mm) ............... 1.6535 (42.000)
Camshaft Journal Diameter (Front), in (mm) ............... 1.8897-1.8905 (48.000-48.020)
Camshaft Journal Diameter (Middle), in (mm) ............... 1.8504-1.8512 (47.000-47.020)
Camshaft Journal Diameter (Rear), in (mm) ............... 1.8110-1.8118 (46.000-46.020)
Cam Lobe Height (Intake), in (mm) ............... 1.4370-1.4409 (36.500-36.600)
Cam Lobe Height (Exhaust), in (mm) ............... 1.4370-1.4409 (36.500-36.600)
Camshaft Journal Oil Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0019-0.0039 (0.050-0.100)
Rocker Arm Shaft Outer Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.4716-0.4724 (11.980-12.000)
Rocker Arm Bushing Inner Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.4732-0.4744 (12.020-12.050)

Tightening Torques

Cylinder Head Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 72.3-79.5 (98.0-107.8)
Main Bearing Holder Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 35.4-39.1 (48.0-53.0)
Connecting Rod Cap Nuts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 18.5-19.9 (25.0-27.0)
Flywheel Mounting Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 41.3-50.9 (56.0-69.0)
Crankshaft Pulley Center Bolt, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 86.8-94.0 (117.6-127.4)
Rocker Shaft Bracket Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 20.2-25.3 (27.4-34.3)
Cylinder Head Cover Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 7.2-10.8 (9.8-14.7)
Oil Pan Drain Plug, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 25.3-32.5 (34.3-44.1)
Oil Pan Mounting Screws, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 7.2-10.8 (9.8-14.7)
Fuel Injection Nozzle Assembly to Head, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 43.4-50.6 (58.8-68.6)
Fuel Injection Pipe Flare Nuts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 18.1-21.7 (24.5-29.4)
Fuel Injection Pump Delivery Valve Holders, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 28.9-32.5 (39.2-44.1)
Exhaust Manifold Stud Nuts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 18.1-21.7 (24.5-29.4)
Intake Manifold Mounting Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 14.5-18.1 (19.6-24.5)
Water Pump Mounting Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 14.5-18.1 (19.6-24.5)
Thermostat Housing Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 14.5-18.1 (19.6-24.5)
Starter Motor Mounting Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 36.1-43.4 (49.0-58.8)
Alternator Mounting Pivot Bolt, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 25.3-32.5 (34.3-44.1)
Alternator Tension Adjusting Lock Bolt, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 14.5-18.1 (19.6-24.5)
Glow Plugs, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 10.8-14.5 (14.7-19.6)
Oil Pressure Switch, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 10.8-14.5 (14.7-19.6)
Crankshaft Rear Plate Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 33.9-39.9 (46.0-54.0)
Timing Gear Case Cover Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 14.5-18.1 (19.6-24.5)
Idler Gear Shaft Fastening Bolt, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 20.2-25.3 (27.4-34.3)
Injection Pump Drive Gear Nut, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 43.4-50.6 (58.8-68.6)
Camshaft Thrust Plate Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 7.2-10.8 (9.8-14.7)

________________________________________________________________________________________

• Shibaura Engines Specs
  
• Shibaura S723 Specs
  
• Shibaura S753 Specs
  
• Shibaura S773 Specs
  
• Shibaura T853A Specs
  

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________