Case 430 Skid Steer Troubleshooting

The Case 430 Series 3 skid steer loader is powered by 195 cu.in (3.2L) Case 432T/M3 4-cylinder direct injection turbocharged diesel engine with a rated power of 82 hp (61 kW) at 2500 rpm. The Case 430 is equipped with a two-speed transmission, planetary single reduction, 100HV continuous roller chains, and 12x16.5 standard tires. The open center hydraulic system has a pump with fluid flow rate of 23.8 gpm (90 lpm). The hydraulic pressure is 3050 psi (210 bar). The skid steer loader has a rated operating capacity of 2000 lbs (907 kg) and tipping load of 4000 lbs (1815 kg). The boom lifting force is 4305 lbs (1955 kg), and bucket breakout force is 5785 lbs (2630 kg).

Engine Troubleshooting

Engine starts hard or will not start

Air in the fuel pipes - Bleed the fuel pipes.
Fuel filter plugging - Change the filter element.
Dirty or faulty injection nozzles - Clean or replace injection nozzles.
Water in the fuel system - Change fuel and repair fuel system.
The valve clearance is not adjusted - Check and adjust.
Fuel injection pump is not working correctly - Replace or rebuild injection pump.

Diesel starts and stops

Air filter is dirty - Change or service air filter element.
Fuel filter element is clogged - Install new filter element.
Fuel injection pump is leaking - Repair any leaks.
Fuel injectors are dirty or defective - Clean or replace fuel injectors.
Fuel injection pump is defective - Install a new fuel pump or repair.

Engine stops running suddenly

Engine is not fully warmed up - Warm up the engine as required.
Fuel filter element clogging - Replace filter element.
Air in the fuel lines - Bleed the fuel lines.
Clogged or defective injection nozzles - Clean or change injection nozzles.
Wrong setting of fuel injection pump timing - Adjust as recommended.

Engine stops when idle

Low idle speed setting is incorrect - Adjust the low idle speed.
Fuel injection pump malfunction - Replace or rebuild injection pump.
Fuel injector fault - Clean fuel injectors or change it.
Improper valve clearance - Correct valve clearance.

Diesel power loss

Air cleaner is dirty - Clean or replace element.
Fuel injection nozzles are damaged - Test injection nozzles and change if necessary.
Uneven fuel injection pressure - Adjust pressure to proper level.
Excessive valve clearance - Adjust to proper valve clearance.
Low idle speed set incorrectly - Adjust as required.
Dirty fuel lines or hoses - Fuel hoses and lines must be clean.
Cylinder head gasket is damaged - Install new cylinder head gasket.
Defective or worn piston rings - Piston rings replacement required.

Engine overheating

Lack of engine coolant - Top up coolant fluid and check system for leaks.
Engine oil level is insufficient - Check and refill engine oil.
Clogged radiator core or damaged radiator cap - Change cap or clean radiator.
Loose or damaged fan belt - Fan belt must be replaced.
Engine is under excessive load - Reduce load on the engine.

Low oil pressure

Low oil level - Checking oil level and add if necessary.
Oil filter element clogged - Replace or service engine oil filter.
Different type of engine oil - Fill up with the correct oil viscosity.
Incorrect oil clearance in crankshaft bearing - Bearings need to be reinstalled.
Oil pump is worn or damaged - Check and replace if necessary.

Engine knocks or noises

Engine oil level low - Check oil level and add oil as required.
Engine is cold - Warm up to required temperature.
Improper fuel injection timing - Adjust the pump as required.
Improperly adjusted low idle speed - Correct low idle adjustment.
Defective fuel injectors - Replace fuel injectors.
Connecting rod misalignment or failure - Need to align or replace the connecting rod.
Pistons are worn or scored - Replace the pistons.

Drive System Troubleshooting

Machine is not moving in one direction or either direction

Hydraulic fluid level low - Fill the system to proper hydraulic fluid level.
Drive chain failure - Inspect drive chain and replace faulty parts.
Input drive shaft is not working properly - Change or repair.
Relief valve failure - Relief valve need to be replaced or repair.
Suction line or hydraulic filter is plugged - Clean suction line or replace hydraulic filter.
Defective hand or foot controls - Repair or change.
Worn drive motor or pump - Check and repair if required.

Low power

Clogged hydraulic oil filter - Replace or service hydraulic filter.
Open or faulty relief valve - Close or change relief valve.
Transmission components are faulty or damaged - Check and replace faulty components.
Input drive shaft failure - Change or repair faulty drive shaft.
Hydraulic system is leaking air - Bleed hydraulic system.

Drive system overheats

Low hydraulic oil level - Need to add oil.
Hydraulic fluid filter is plugged - Check, clean, or change as necessary.
Stuck relief valve - Relief valve need to be replaced or repair.
Hydraulic motor or drive pump is worn - Replace or repair faulty component.
Hydraulic oil cooler is plugged - Cooling fins should be cleaned.
Drive system overload - Reduce the load.

Drive system is noisy

Wrong oil viscosity - Use the specified type of oil.
Air in the hydraulic system - Bleed air from system.
Hydraulic motor or drive pump is defective - Inspect and change as required.
Defective or worn mechanical components of drive system - Check drive system and change faulty parts.

Hydraulics Troubleshooting

Hydraulic system overheated

Incorrect hydraulic pressure setting - Correct adjustment is required.
Main relief valve malfunction or improper adjustment - Set up or change the relief valve.
Hydraulic fluid contamination - Change hydraulic fluid.
Lack of hydraulic fluid - Add fluid to the hydraulic system.
Faulty hydraulic oil pump - Repair or install new hydraulic pump.

Lift arm won't raise or lower

Damaged lift controls - Replace or repair.
Damaged hydraulic oil pump - Change or repair hydraulic pump if required.
Hydraulic control valve is faulty - Install a new hydraulic valve or repair it.
Faulty hydraulic cylinder - Install a new boom cylinder or repair it.
Hydraulic fluid is insufficient - Fill up the hydraulic fluid.

Bucket tilt does not work

Damaged bucket controls - Repair or change.
Hydraulic pump not working - Replace or repair pump if necessary.
Hydraulic control valve is defective - Repair or replace the valve.
Hydraulic bucket cylinder not working - Replace or repair cylinder.
Hydraulic fluid is insufficient - Checking hydraulic fluid level and add if necessary.

Boom or bucket functions slowly

Defective hydraulic pump - Check pump capacity and change if necessary.
Oil leaks from hydraulic cylinder - Repair leak by replacing the seals.
Low hydraulic fluid level - Fill up the hydraulic fluid.
Defective or not adjusted hydraulic control valve - Repair or set properly.
Hydraulic pressure loss - Correct setting is required.

Lift arm or bucket is moving jerkily

Air trapped in hydraulic system - Need to bleed air.
Hydraulic oil filter element is dirty - Service or replace the hydraulic filter.
Hydraulic fluid contamination - The fluid must be changed.
Cylinder tube or rod is scored - Replace worn component.

Hydraulic pump is excessively noisy

Hydraulic leakage or low oil level - Remedy hydraulic leakage or refill oil as necessary.
Dirty hydraulic filter - Service or replace hydraulic filter.
Dirty suction line - Need to service the suction line.
Pump sucks air - Remove air from hydraulics.
Pump components are damaged - Replace or rebuild the pump.

Electrical Troubleshooting

Battery does not charge

Wiring connections are corroded or loose - Tighten or clean connections.
Battery terminal clamps are faulty - Replace terminal clamps.
Battery is defective - Use a new battery.
Defective or loose belt - Adjust belt tension or change the belt.

Starter turning slow

Battery voltage is low - Low battery charging, charge as required.
Battery runs out quickly - Service charging system or replace battery.
Battery cables are disconnected or terminals are faulty - Connect cables properly or replace terminals.

Starter will not crank

Battery is low or faulty - Replace or charge as required.
Disconnected or incorrectly connected wires - Inspect battery wires and connect correctly.
Battery power is low - Battery needs to be recharged.
Starter motor is faulty - Starter should be changed.