Case 445 Skid Steer Troubleshooting

The Case 445 skid steer loader driveline system components: a 274 cu.in (4.5L) Case 445/M2 four-cylinder direct injection diesel engine with a rated power of 80.5 hp (60 kW) and 2-speed hydrostatic transmission. The open center hydraulic system has a pump with a rated capacity of 21 gal/min (80 l/min). The system relief pressure is 3050 psi (210 bar). The Case 445 is equipped with a planetary single reduction, 100HV continuous roller chains, and 12x16.5 tires. The skid steer loader has a max lift height of 120.6" (3060 mm) to hinge pin and dump height of 92.3" (2340 mm). The rated operating capacity is 2500 lbs (1135 kg), and tipping load is 5000 lbs (2270 kg).

Engine Troubleshooting

Engine hard to start or will not start

There is air in the fuel system - Bleed the system.
Fuel filter plugged - Clean the filter element.
Dirty or faulty injection nozzles - Test injection nozzles and change if necessary.
Water in the fuel system - Change fuel and repair fuel system.
Excessive valve clearance - Check and adjust.
Faulty fuel injection pump - Repair or install new pump.

Engine starts but stalls suddenly

Plugged air cleaner - Clean or replace element.
Dirty fuel filter - Change filter element.
Fuel injection pump leakage - Check the fuel injection pump for leaks and fix it.
Fuel injectors are dirty or defective - Test and replace fuel injectors if necessary.
Faulty fuel injection pump - Rebuild or install a new injection pump.

Engine stops running suddenly

Engine is cold - Warm up engine as required.
Clogged fuel filter - Change filter element.
Air in the fuel pipes - Bleed the fuel pipes.
Fuel injection nozzles fault - Change fuel injection nozzles.
Fuel injection pump timing is not adjusted - Set the fuel pump timing correctly.

Engine stalls when idle

Low idle speed set incorrectly - Normalize low idle speed.
Fuel injection pump is not working correctly - Replace or repair injection pump.
Fuel injectors are faulty or clogged - Test and replace fuel injectors if necessary.
Valve out of adjustment - Correct valve clearance needs to be set.

Lack of engine power

Clogged air filter - Clean or change.
Fuel injection nozzles are faulty or clogged - Replace injection nozzles.
Insufficient fuel injection pressure - Adjust to proper pressure.
Valve clearance is not correct - Check and adjust.
Low idle speed setting is not correct - Test and adjust.
Clogged fuel lines or hoses - Clean fuel hoses and lines.
Damaged cylinder-head gasket - Replace the gasket as required.
Worn or broken piston rings - Replace the piston rings as required.

Engine is overheated

Insufficient coolant fluid - Add coolant fluid to cooling system and also check it for leaks.
Low engine oil level - Need to add engine oil.
Defective radiator cap or clogged radiator fins - Clean radiator or install new cap.
Loose or damaged fan belt - Replace as required.
Diesel engine overloaded - Load reducing required.

Low oil pressure

Insufficient engine oil - Add oil as required.
Oil filter is dirty - Change or service engine oil filter.
Incorrect engine oil Drain and refill with oil of correct grade and viscosity.
Incorrect oil clearance in crankshaft bearing - Replace bearings.
Oil pump is defective - Replace as required.

Abnormal engine noise or knocking

Engine oil level low - Add oil to the engine crankcase.
Coolant temperature is low - Normalize the temperature by warming up the engine.
Wrong setting of fuel injection pump timing - Adjust as recommended.
Low idle speed set incorrectly - Adjustment required.
Fuel injectors are faulty or clogged - Clean or replace fuel injectors.
Connecting rod is defective or misaligned - Connecting rod needs to be aligned or changed.
Pistons are worn or broken - Replace the pistons.

Drive System Troubleshooting

Machine is not moving forward or backward

Hydraulic oil level is low - Check and refill the hydraulic oil.
Worn drive chain - Inspect drive chain and replace faulty components.
Input drive shaft is faulty - Repair or install a new drive shaft.
Relief valve is not working correctly - Change or repair relief valve.
Suction line or hydraulic filter is dirty - Check, clean, or replace if required.
Worn or defective hand or foot controls - Repair or change.
Drive motor or pump is worn - Check and repair if required.

Reduced power

Hydraulic oil filter is plugged - Check, clean, or replace as required.
Worn or open relief valve - Change or close relief valve.
Defective or worn transmission parts - Inspect and replace faulty parts.
Input drive shaft malfunction - Rebuild or change the shaft.
Air trapped in hydraulic system - Air bleeding is required.

Drive system overheats

Hydraulic fluid is insufficient - Check and refill the hydraulic fluid.
Hydraulic fluid filter is clogged - Change or clean hydraulic filter.
Relief valve failure - Relief valve need to be replaced or repair.
Drive pump or hydraulic motor malfunction - Repair or change faulty component.
Oil cooler is clogged - Cooling fins need to be cleaned.
Drive system is overloaded - Load should be reduced.

Excessive noise

Wrong oil viscosity - Use oil of correct viscosity.
Air in the hydraulic system - Air bleeding is required.
Hydraulic motor or drive pump is worn - Inspect and change as required.
Mechanical parts of drive system are worn or damaged - Inspect the parts for defect or damage and repair as required.

Hydraulics Troubleshooting

Hydraulic system overheated

Hydraulic pressure is not correct - Adjust pressure as required.
Main relief valve malfunction or improper adjustment - Adjust or replace the relief valve.
Contaminated hydraulic oil - Change hydraulic oil.
Hydraulic fluid level is low - Need to add fluid.
Faulty hydraulic oil pump - Install new pump or repair it.

Lift arm does not lower or raise

Faulty lift controls - Check and repair as required.
Hydraulic pump is broken - Repair or change pump if required.
Hydraulic control valve failure - Repair or replace hydraulic valve.
Defective hydraulic cylinder - Install a new boom cylinder or repair it.
Insufficient hydraulic oil - Fill the system to proper hydraulic oil level.

Bucket won't move

Damaged bucket controls - Inspect and repair if necessary.
Damaged hydraulic oil pump - Repair or replace pump if necessary.
Hydraulic control valve is faulty - Replace or repair the valve.
Bucket cylinder failure - Repair or change cylinder.
Hydraulic fluid level low - Checking hydraulic fluid level and add if necessary.

Bucket or lift arm functions slowly

Faulty hydraulic oil pump - Check pump performance and change it if necessary.
Hydraulic cylinder leaking - Cylinder seals need to be replaced.
Insufficient hydraulic fluid - Add fluid as required.
Worn or unadjusted hydraulic control valve - Repair or set properly.
Low hydraulic pressure - Correct adjustment is required.

Bucket or boom is working jerkily

Air trapped in hydraulic system - Bleed air from hydraulic system.
Plugged hydraulic oil filter - Clean or change the filter.
Hydraulic oil is dirty - Change hydraulic oil.
Cylinder rod or tube is scratched - Replace defective component.

Hydraulic pump makes excessive noise

Hydraulic leaks or lack of oil - Remedy hydraulic leakage or refill oil as necessary.
Dirty hydraulic filter - Service or change hydraulic filter.
Suction line is dirty - Suction line must be serviced.
Pump is sucking air - Bleed air from hydraulics.
Damaged pump parts - Replace or rebuild the pump.

Electrical Troubleshooting

Battery does not charge

Electrical wire connections are corroded or loose - Tighten or service connections.
Defective battery terminal clamps - Install new terminal clamps.
Battery failing - Use a new battery.
Belt is worn or loose - Adjust belt tension or install a new belt.

Starter cranks slowly

Low battery output - Low battery charging, charge as required.
Battery runs out quickly - Service battery or change it.
Disconnected wiring or bad battery terminals - Connect wires correctly or change terminals.

Starter motor is not working

Battery is drained or defective - Change or recharge battery.
Battery cables are disconnected or improperly connected - Inspect cables and connect properly.
Low battery output voltage - Battery is drained, charge it.
Defective starter motor - Repair or change starter.