Case 410 Skid Steer Troubleshooting

The Case 410 skid steer loader is powered by 134 cu.in (2.2L) Case 422/M2 4-cylinder indirect injection liquid-cooled diesel engine with a rated power of 51 hp (38 kW) at 2500 rpm. The Case 410 is equipped with a hydrostatic transmission, axial piston drive pumps, 80HS continuous roller chain, and 10x16.5 standard tires. The open center hydraulic system has a gear pump with fluid flow rate of 18 gpm (68.3 lpm). The hydraulic pressure is 3000 psi (207 bar). The skid steer loader has a rated operating capacity of 1500 lbs (680 kg) and tipping load of 3000 lbs (1360 kg). The lift height is 114.6 inches (2910 mm) to hinge pin, and dump height is 89.4 inches (2270 mm).

Engine Troubleshooting

Engine starts hard or doesn't start

Air in fuel system - Bleed fuel system.
Dirty fuel filter - Service the filter.
Clogged or burnt injection nozzle - If necessary, replace with a new nozzle.
Dirt or water in fuel system - Drain water or flush dirt from the system.
Excessive valve clearance - Adjust valve clearance according to specifications.
Fuel injection pump failure - Replace or repair injection pump.

Diesel starts but immediately shuts off

Dirty air filter - Clean or replace element.
Fuel filter element is clogged - Change filter element.
Fuel injection pump has loose connections - Tighten the connections.
Fuel injectors are dirty or defective - Replace or clean fuel injectors.
Defective fuel injection pump - Replace or rebuild injection pump.

Engine shuts off suddenly during operation

Low coolant temperature - Warm up to required temperature.
Fuel filter plugging - Replace the filter element.
Air in the fuel lines - Bleed the fuel lines.
Clogged injection nozzle - Test injection nozzles and change if necessary.
Wrong setting of fuel injection pump timing - Adjust according to specifications.

Engine stalls when idling

Incorrect low idle speed adjustment - Correct low idle settings.
Fuel injection pump is damaged - Replace injection pump or repair it.
Clogged or defective injectors - Replace fuel injectors.
The valve clearance is not adjusted - Adjust to proper valve clearance.

Diesel engine is losing power

Air cleaner is clogged - Clean or replace element.
Clogged or defective injection nozzles - Replace injection nozzles.
Insufficient fuel injection pressure - Adjust to correct pressure.
Excessive valve clearance - Check and adjust.
Improperly adjusted low idle speed - Adjust as required.
Dirt in the fuel hoses or lines - Fuel hoses and lines must be clean.
Cylinder head gasket is damaged - Install a new gasket.
Piston rings are broken or leaking - Piston rings need to be replaced.

Engine overheats

Lack of coolant in cooling system - The cooling system needs to be refilled and checked for faults.
Low engine oil level - Need to add engine oil.
Clogged radiator fins or leaking radiator cap - Clean radiator or change cap.
Broken or loose fan belt - Fan belt must be replaced.
Diesel engine is overloaded - Reduce engine load.

Oil pressure is low

Insufficient engine oil - Fill crankcase to proper oil level.
Oil filter is clogged - Change or service engine oil filter.
Oil grade or viscosity is wrong - Drain and refill with oil of correct grade and viscosity.
Incorrect crankshaft bearing oil clearance - Install new bearings.
Defective oil pump - Replace as required.

Engine knocks or noises

Insufficient engine oil - Fill up the engine oil.
Coolant temperature is low - Warm up the engine.
Fuel injection pump timing is wrong - Check the fuel injection pump timing adjustment.
Incorrect low idle speed adjustment - Correct low idle settings.
Clogged or defective injectors - Replace fuel injectors.
Connecting rod is worn or misaligned - Alignment procedure or replacement is required.
Scored or worn pistons - Have pistons replaced.

Drive System Troubleshooting

Machine does not move forward or backward

Low hydraulic fluid level - Checking hydraulic fluid level and add if necessary.
Damaged drive chain - Check drive chain and change defective components.
Input drive shaft failure - Repair or replace.
Relief valver is broken - Relief valve need to be replaced or repair.
Hydraulic filter or suction line is plugged - Check, clean, or replace if required.
Defective or worn foot or hand controls - Inspect and repair if necessary.
Drive motor or pump is worn - Change or repair faulty component.

Lack of power

Hydraulic oil filter is dirty - Check, clean, or replace as required.
Open or damaged relief valve - Replace or close relief valve.
Transmission parts are defective or worn - Inspect and replace defective parts.
Input drive shaft is defective - Service or change faulty drive shaft.
Air in hydraulic system - Bleed air from hydraulic system.

Drive system overheating

Insufficient hydraulic oil - Need to add oil.
Hydraulic fluid filter is clogged - Change or service hydraulic filter.
Defective relief valve - Service or change relief valve.
Drive pump or hydraulic motor malfunction - Repair or replace faulty component.
Dirty oil cooler - Cooling fins need to be cleaned.
Overloaded drive system - Reduce the load.

Excessive noise

Wrong oil viscosity - Use oil of correct viscosity.
Air in the hydraulic system - Need to bleed air.
Defective drive pump or hydraulic motor - Repair or replace faulty component.
Mechanical parts of drive system are worn or damaged - Inspect the parts for defect or damage and repair as required.

Hydraulics Troubleshooting

Hydraulic system overheats

Hydraulic pressure incorrectly adjusted - Hydraulic pressure must be set correctly.
Misadjusted or defective main relief valve - Adjust the valve or replace if necessary.
Hydraulic oil is dirty - Hydraulic oil change required.
Lack of hydraulic oil - Add oil to the hydraulic system.
Hydraulic pump is worn - Repair or install new hydraulic pump.

Boom does not raise or lower

Lift controls malfunction - Repair or replace.
Hydraulic pump malfunction - Install new pump or repair it.
Damaged hydraulic control valve - Install a new hydraulic valve or repair it.
Defective hydraulic cylinder - Repair or replace hydraulic cylinder.
Low hydraulic oil level - Checking hydraulic oil level and add if necessary.

Bucket won't move

Defective bucket controls - Repair or replace.
Hydraulic pump failure - Repair or install new hydraulic pump.
Hydraulic control valve malfunction - Repair or replace the valve.
Bucket cylinder failure - Repair or install a new cylinder.
Insufficient hydraulic fluid - Checking hydraulic fluid level and add if necessary.

Boom or bucket is moving slowly

Worn hydraulic oil pump - Flow-rate pump and change pump if necessary.
Hydraulic cylinder oil leakage - Repair leak by replacing the seals.
Insufficient hydraulic fluid - Add fluid as required.
Damaged or incorrect adjusted hydraulic control valve - Set properly or repair.
Hydraulic pressure loss - Correct setting is required.

Lift arm or bucket is moving jerkily

Air in the hydraulic system - Bleed air from hydraulic system.
Plugged hydraulic oil filter - Clean or change the filter.
Dirty hydraulic fluid - Fill up with fresh hydraulic fluid.
Cylinder tube or rod scoring - Change defective component.

Hydraulic pump is excessively noisy

Lack of oil or hydraulic leakage - Remedy hydraulic leakage or refill oil as necessary.
Dirty hydraulic filter - Service or replace hydraulic filter.
Suction line is dirty - Clean suction line as required.
Air trapped in hydraulic pump - Air bleeding is required.
Pump components are faulty - Change or rebuild pump.

Electrical Troubleshooting

Battery cannot be charged

Loose or corroded electrical wiring connections - Clean or tighten wiring connections.
Faulty battery terminal clamps - Terminal clamps should be changed.
Defective battery - Use a new battery.
Damaged or loose belt - Need to adjust belt tension or replace belt.

Starter turning slow

Low battery voltage - Charge the battery.
Battery is not holding charge - Service charging system or replace battery.
Disconnected wiring or bad battery terminals - Connect wiring properly or install new terminals.

Starter will not work

Battery is low or faulty - Charge or replace the battery.
Wiring harness is disconnected or improperly connected - Check wiring harness and connect as required.
Low battery output - Charge the battery.
Starter motor is damaged - Starter should be replaced.