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Ford 2725E Engine

The Ford 2725E is a naturally aspirated, 6-cylinder inline heavy-duty industrial and marine diesel engine. Belonging to the renowned Ford "Dover" 2720 engine family produced in Dagenham, UK, it is highly regarded for its mechanical simplicity, lack of sensitive electronic components, and exceptional durability. It is frequently found as a core power unit in long-range recreational trawlers, commercial fishing boats, and heavy industrial machinery, often operating well beyond 10,000 hours before requiring a major overhaul when maintained properly.

The engine utilizes a conventional overhead valve (OHV) configuration. The valves are arranged vertically above the cylinder head and are operated via pushrods and rocker arms driven by a camshaft. The camshaft itself is gear-driven directly from the crankshaft. Engine displacement totals 6.22 liters (380 cubic inches). The cylinder dimensions feature a bore diameter of 107 mm (4.22 inches) and a piston stroke length of 115 mm (4.52 inches).

Fuel System: The engine operates on a direct injection principle where fuel is atomized directly into a toroidal combustion chamber formed within the crown of the piston. The fuel delivery setup relies entirely on a mechanical, gear-driven inline injection pump. Fuel is drawn from primary supply tanks through water-separating filters via a mechanical lift pump before reaching the high-pressure injection lines and mechanical injectors, eliminating the need for electrical management.

Lubrication is managed via a full-pressure wet sump system driven by an internal oil pump. The system capacity ranges from 9.1 to 21.2 liters depending on the specific industrial or marine oil pan shape and oil cooler configurations. Pressurized oil passes through a dedicated oil filter housing, which features an external feed line running directly to the mechanical injection pump to maintain its internal component lubrication.

Cooling System: In standard industrial applications, the engine relies on a conventional belt-driven water pump circulating coolant through a radiator core. In marine variations, a dual-circuit system is employed: an engine-driven fresh-water pump circulates a closed loop of coolant/antifreeze mixture through the engine block, which then transfers heat via an integrated heat exchanger cooled by a raw water circuit driven by a secondary rubber-impeller pump. The timing gear design utilizes straight-cut gears that directly accommodate secondary mechanical sea-water pump gear drives.

General Technical Data

Engine Specifications

Engine Model ............... Ford 2725E
Engine Type ............... 4-cycle inline 6-cylinder direct injection liquid-cooled diesel
Number of Cylinders ............... 6
Cylinder Arrangement ............... In-line
Engine Bore, in (mm) ............... 4.13 (105.0)
Engine Stroke, in (mm) ............... 4.53 (115.0)
Displacement, cu.in (L) ............... 365 (5.97)
Rated Engine Power, hp (kW) ............... 130 (97.0) at 2500 rpm
Rated Engine Speed, rpm ............... 2200-2500
Peak Torque, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 275 (373.0) at 1500 rpm
Idle Speed, rpm ............... 600-650
Max No Load Speed, rpm ............... 2600-2650
Aspiration Type ............... Naturally Aspirated
Compression Ratio ............... 16.0:1
Firing Order ............... 1-5-3-6-2-4
Valve Operation Type ............... Pushrod and overhead rocker arm
Flywheel Rotation ............... Counter-clockwise viewed from flywheel end
Camshaft Drive ............... Gear-driven from crankshaft timing gear
Combustion Chamber ............... Direct injection
Cylinder Block Type ............... Cast iron monobloc
Cylinder Head Type ............... Cast iron single piece
Lubrication System ............... Full-pressure forced feed
Oil Pump Type ............... Gear-driven rotor type
Oil Filter Type ... Full-flow spin-on disposable cartridge
Cooling System ............... Liquid-cooled dual circuit
Fresh Water Pump Type ............... Belt-driven centrifugal type
Sea Water Pump Type ............... Gear-driven rubber impeller type
Air Cleaner Type ............... Replaceable dry element or wire mesh
Starting System ............... Electric starter motor
Electrical System, V ............... 12 or 24
Alternator Output, A ............... 55 or 70

Fuel System

Injection Pump Model ............... Simms Minimec inline mechanical governor
Fuel Injection Pump Drive ............... Gear-driven from timing train
Fuel Lift Pump Type ............... Mechanical diaphragm type with hand primer
Fuel Lift Pump Pressure, psi (bar) ............... 5.0-8.0 (0.34-0.55)
Fuel Injector Type ............... Multi-hole nozzle holder type
Number of Injector Spray Holes ............... 4
Injector Opening Pressure, atm (bar) ............... 245-255 (248-258)
Fuel Filter Type ............... Dual stage spin-on paper element with water separator
Fuel Feed Line Size, in (mm) ............... 0.375 (9.5)
Fuel Return Line Size, in (mm) ............... 0.312 (8.0)
Governor Type ............... Mechanical centrifugal type or hydraulic type
Maximum Governed Speed, rpm ............... 2500
Injection Timing, deg BTDC ............... 22.0
Recommended Fuel Grade ............... ASTM D975 Class 2D or BS2869 Class A1
Injection Pump Lubrication ............... Engine oil filled sump or pressure fed from block

Dimensions and Weight

Overall Length, in (mm) ............... 46.8 (1190)
Overall Width, in (mm) ............... 27.4 (695)
Overall Height, in (mm) ............... 33.5 (850)
Dry Weight, lbs (kg) ............... 1340 (605)
Wet Weight, lbs (kg) ............... 1410 (640)

Maintenance Data

Service Information

Minimum Compression Pressure, psi (bar) ............... 300 (20.7)
Compression Variation Between Cylinders, psi (bar) ............... 30 (2.07)
Minimum Oil Pressure at Idle, psi (bar) ............... 15.0 (1.03)
Minimum Oil Pressure at 1600 rpm, psi (bar) ............... 41.0 (2.83)
Normal Oil Pressure Power Range, psi (bar) ............... 45.0-60.0 (3.10-4.14)
Oil Pressure Relief Valve Setting, psi (bar) ............... 65.0-70.0 (4.48-4.82)
Maximum Engine Oil Temperature, F (C) ............... 240 (115.5)
Normal Operating Coolant Temperature, F (C) ............... 165-190 (73.8-87.7)
Maximum Allowed Coolant Temperature, F (C) ............... 212 (100.0)
Thermostat Opening Temperature, F (C) ............... 165 (73.8)
Thermostat Fully Open Temperature, F (C) ............... 185 (85.0)
Drive Belt Tension Deflection, in (mm) ............... 0.50 (12.7)
Intake Valve Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.015 (0.38)
Exhaust Valve Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.015 (0.38)

Engine Oil and Coolant

Engine Oil Type .................. SAE 30, SAE 10W-30, SAE 15W-40
API Service Classifications ......................... CD or SF/CD
Engine Oil Capacity, Initial Fill, qt (L) ............... 24.0 (22.7)
Engine Oil Capacity, Service Refill, qt (L) ............... 20.0 (18.9)
Fresh Water Coolant Capacity, qt (L) ............... 24.3 (23.0)

Service Intervals

Change oil and filter ............... Every 150 hours
Inspect air cleaner ............... Every 100 hours
Replace air cleaner ............... Every 500 hours
Replace fuel filter ............... Every 200 hours
Valve clearance adjustment ............... Every 400 hours
Fuel system inspection ............... Every 600 hours
Change coolant ............... Every 1000 hours
Compression test ............... Every 600 hours
Belt inspection ............... Every service cycle

Service Specifications

Cylinder Bore Standard Diameter, in (mm) ............... 4.1338-4.1354 (105.000-105.040)
Cylinder Bore Maximum Out of Round, in (mm) ............... 0.0015 (0.038)
Cylinder Bore Maximum Taper, in (mm) ............... 0.0020 (0.051)
Cylinder Liner Top Protrusion Above Block, in (mm) ............... 0.002-0.005 (0.05-0.13)
Main Journal Diameter, in (mm) ............... 2.999-3.000 (76.17-76.20)
Main Bearing Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0022-0.0042 (0.056-0.107)
Main Bearing Shell Thickness, in (mm) ............... 0.0925 (2.35)
Crankshaft End Play, in (mm) ............... 0.003-0.011 (0.08-0.28)
Connecting Rod Side Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.005-0.011 (0.13-0.28)
Crankpin Journal Diameter, in (mm) ............... 2.499-2.500 (63.47-63.50)
Connecting Rod Bearing Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0016-0.0036 (0.041-0.091)
Connecting Rod Journal Total Length, in (mm) ............... 1.315 (33.4)
Connecting Rod Small End Bushing O.D, in (mm) ............... 1.515 (38.48)
Connecting Rod Big End Bore Diameter, in (mm) ............... 2.625-2.626 (66.67-66.70)
Piston Skirt Clearance in Liner, in (mm) ............... 0.0045-0.0061 (0.114-0.155)
Piston Pin Bore Diameter, in (mm) ............... 1.3751-1.3754 (34.928-34.935)
Piston Pin External Diameter, in (mm) ............... 1.3748-1.3750 (34.920-34.925)
Piston Pin Clearance in Piston, in (mm) ............... 0.0001-0.0006 (0.003-0.015)
Piston Pin Clearance in Con Rod Bushing, in (mm) ............... 0.0005-0.0012 (0.013-0.030)
Top Ring Groove Width, in (mm) ............... 0.096-0.098 (2.44-2.49)
Second Ring Groove Width, in (mm) ............... 0.095-0.096 (2.41-2.44)
Oil Ring Groove Width, in (mm) ............... 0.188-0.189 (4.78-4.80)
Top Ring Side Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0025-0.0045 (0.064-0.114)
Second Ring Side Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0020-0.0040 (0.051-0.102)
Oil Ring Side Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0015-0.0035 (0.038-0.089)
Top Ring End Gap, in (mm) ............... 0.011-0.018 (0.28-0.46)
Second Ring End Gap, in (mm) ............... 0.009-0.016 (0.23-0.41)
Oil Ring End Gap, in (mm) ............... 0.011-0.018 (0.28-0.46)
Cylinder Head Flatness, Limit, in (mm) ............... 0.003 (0.076)
Cylinder Block Deck Flatness, Limit, in (mm) ............... 0.004 (0.102)
Intake Valve Stem Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.372-0.373 (9.45-9.47)
Exhaust Valve Stem Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.371-0.372 (9.42-9.45)
Intake Valve Stem to Guide Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0015-0.0035 (0.038-0.089)
Exhaust Valve Stem to Guide Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0025-0.0045 (0.064-0.114)
Valve Guide Internal Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.374-0.375 (9.50-9.53)
Valve Face Angle, deg ............... 29.5 or 44.5
Valve Seat Angle, deg ............... 30.0 or 45.0
Valve Spring Free Length, in (mm) ............... 1.95 (49.53)
Camshaft Journal Diameter (Front), in (mm) ............... 2.060-2.061 (52.32-52.35)
Camshaft Journal Diameter (Center), in (mm) ............... 2.030-2.031 (51.56-51.59)
Camshaft Journal Diameter (Rear), in (mm) ............... 1.999-2.000 (50.77-50.80)
Camshaft Journal Bearing Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0015-0.0035 (0.038-0.089)
Camshaft End Play, in (mm) ............... 0.002-0.006 (0.05-0.15)
Cam Lobe Lift (Intake), in (mm) ............... 0.295 (7.49)
Cam Lobe Lift (Exhaust), in (mm) ............... 0.295 (7.49)
Rocker Arm Shaft External Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.748-0.749 (19.00-19.02)
Rocker Arm Bushing Internal Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.750-0.751 (19.05-19.08)
Rocker Arm to Shaft Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.001-0.003 (0.025-0.076)
Tappet Body External Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.561-0.562 (14.25-14.27)
Tappet Bore Diameter in Block, in (mm) ............... 0.563-0.564 (14.30-14.33)
Tappet to Bore Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.001-0.003 (0.025-0.076)

Tightening Torques

Cylinder Head Bolts (Stage 1), lb-ft (Nm) ............... 40 (54.2)
Cylinder Head Bolts (Stage 2), lb-ft (Nm) ............... 75 (101.7)
Cylinder Head Bolts (Stage 3), lb-ft (Nm) ............... 110 (149.1)
Cylinder Head Bolts (Stage 4), lb-ft (Nm) ............... 145-155 (196.6-210.2)
Main Bearing Cap Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 115-125 (155.9-169.5)
Connecting Rod Cap Nuts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 75-80 (101.7-108.5)
Flywheel Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 100-110 (135.6-149.1)
Crankshaft Pulley Center Bolt, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 240-260 (325.4-352.5)
Camshaft Thrust Plate Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 15-18 (20.3-24.4)
Camshaft Gear Bolt, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 45-50 (61.0-67.8)
Rocker Shaft Support Bracket Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 25-30 (33.9-40.7)
Rocker Arm Adjusting Screw Locknuts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 12-15 (16.3-20.3)
Oil Sump Drain Plug, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 35-40 (47.5-54.2)
Oil Sump Retaining Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 15-18 (20.3-24.4)
Timing Gear Housing to Block Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 15-18 (20.3-24.4)
Timing Gear Cover Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 15-18 (20.3-24.4)
Water Pump to Block Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 15-18 (20.3-24.4)
Inlet Manifold Retaining Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 18-22 (24.4-29.8)
Exhaust Manifold Retaining Nuts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 22-27 (29.8-36.6)
Fuel Injection Pump Drive Gear Nut, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 40-45 (54.2-61.0)
Fuel Injection Pump Retaining Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 18-22 (24.4-29.8)
Fuel Injector Hold Down Clamp Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 12-15 (16.3-20.3)
High Pressure Fuel Line Union Nuts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 15-18 (20.3-24.4)
Oil Pump to Cylinder Block Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 15-18 (20.3-24.4)
Oil Filter Adaptor Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 18-22 (24.4-29.8)
Flywheel Housing to Block Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 35-40 (47.5-54.2)
Starter Motor Mounting Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 35-40 (47.5-54.2)
Alternator Mounting Bracket Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 25-30 (33.9-40.7)
Alternator Pivot Bolt, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 20-25 (27.1-33.9)
Thermostat Housing Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 15-18 (20.3-24.4)
Crankcase Breather Assembly Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 8-11 (10.8-14.9)
Lift Pump Mounting Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 12-15 (16.3-20.3)
Glow Plug Torque if equipped, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 15-20 (20.3-27.1)
Oil Pressure Sender Unit, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 10-14 (13.6-19.0)
Coolant Temperature Sensor, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 12-16 (16.3-21.7)
Front Engine Mount Bracket Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 45-55 (61.0-74.6)
Rear Engine Mount Bracket Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 45-55 (61.0-74.6)
Rocker Cover Retaining Screws, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 5-7 (6.8-9.5)

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