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Ford VSG-413 Engine

General Technical Data

Engine Specifications

Engine Model ............... Ford VSG-413
Engine Family Lineage ............... Valencia Kent Industrial Architecture
Engine Configuration ............... 4-Cycle Inline 4-Cylinder Liquid-Cooled Engine
Combustion System ............... Overhead Valve Mechanical Pushrod Valve Train
Number of Cylinders ............... 4
Cylinder Arrangement ............... In-Line Vertical Alignment
Engine Bore, in (mm) ............... 2.91 (73.96)
Engine Stroke, in (mm) ............... 2.96 (75.40)
Displacement, cu.in (L) ............... 79.02 (1.29)
Continuous Power (Gasoline), hp (kW) ............... 44.0 (32.8) at 3000 rpm
Continuous Power (LPG), hp (kW) ............... 41.0 (30.6) at 3000 rpm
Continuous Power (Natural Gas), hp (kW) ............... 37.0 (27.6) at 3000 rpm
Torque Output (Gasoline), lb-ft (Nm) ............... 64.0 (86.8) at 2200 rpm
Torque Output (LPG), lb-ft (Nm) ............... 61.0 (82.7) at 2200 rpm
Torque Output (Natural Gas), lb-ft (Nm) ............... 56.0 (75.9) at 2200 rpm
Low Governed Idle Speed, rpm ............... 750-850
Maximum Governed Speed, rpm ............... 2800-3000
Intermittent Maximum Peak Speed, rpm ............... 3600
Compression Ratio ............... 9.5:1
Firing Order ............... 1-2-4-3
Combustion Chamber ............... Bowl-in-piston high turbulence geometric pocket layout
Crankcase Ventilation ............... Positive closed-circuit breathing separator assembly
Camshaft Drive ............... High strength duplex roller timing chain with mechanical tensioner pad
Cylinder Block Design ............... Deep skirt high density cast iron cross-braced block matrix
Cylinder Head Design ............... Cast iron thermal stress resistant cross-flow configuration
Number of Main Bearings ............... 5 precision micro-groove steel backed split shells
Direction of Rotation ............... Counterclockwise viewed from the flywheel interface face
Lubrication System ............... Full-pressure wet sump feed
Oil Pump Config ............... Gear-driven trochoid rotary pump
Oil Filter Type ............... Full-flow spin-on disposable cartridge
Cooling System ............... Closed-loop pressurized liquid circulation forced centrifugal flow
Water Pump Type ............... Belt-driven centrifugal impeller
Air Filter Assembly ............... Dry element multi-stage filter housing
Ignition System ............... Electronic distributor or distributorless solid-state assembly
Starting System ............... Electric solenoid engaged starter motor
Electrical System, V ............... 12

Fuel System

Fuel Induction Setup ............... Down-draft single venture industrial carburetor or vapor gas fuel mixer unit
Fuel Compatibility ............... Unleaded Gasoline, Liquefied Petroleum Gas LPG, Natural Gas NG
Gasoline Carburetor Model ............... Zenith single barrel mechanical throat assembly
LPG Regulator Vaporizer Module ............... Impco Model 50 or Model 60 negative pressure lockoff unit
Gaseous Vapor Fuel Mixer ............... Impco CA55 or CA100 low resistance air-fuel mixer block
Fuel Transfer Supply Pump ............... Mechanical diaphragm pump actuated by camshaft eccentric lobe
Fuel Transfer Pump Delivery Pressure, psi (kPa) ............... 3.5-5.0 (24.1-34.5)
Governor System ............... Centrifugal mechanical or integrated precision electronic module
Liquid Gasoline Fuel Inline Filter Rating ............... 10.0 micron pleated paper element canister spin-on
LPG Liquid Phase Primary Filter Module ............... Sintered bronze cleanable element
Gasoline Main Jet Calibrated Orifice I.D, in (mm) ............... 0.043-0.047 (1.10-1.20)
Idle Fuel Mixture Calibration Valve ............... Adjustable spring-loaded tapered brass needle screw
Choke Activation Mechanization ............... Manual wire cable pull link or automatic electric heating coil
LPG Vapor Fuel Delivery Secondary Pressure, in H2O (mbar) ............... 11.0-14.0 (27.4-34.8)
Natural Gas Line Supply Dynamic Inlet Pressure, in H2O (mbar) ............... 5.0-7.0 (12.4-17.4)
Intake Manifold Heating Distribution ............... Engine coolant jacket pathway surrounding runner base
Air Cleaner Filtration Config ............... Heavy duty multi-stage dry canister with safety element insert
Air Intake Restriction Maximum Threshold, in H2O (mbar) ............... 15.0-20.0 (37.3-49.8)

Dimensions and Weight

Overall Length, in (mm) ............... 25.6 (650)
Overall Width, in (mm) ............... 21.6 (550)
Overall Height, in (mm) ............... 17.7 (450)
Dry Weight, lbs (kg) ............... 240 (109)
Operating Weight, lbs (kg) ............... 275 (125)

Maintenance Data

Service Information

Standard Compression Pressure, psi (bar) ............... 120.0-140.0 (8.27-9.65)
Minimum Allowable Compression Pressure, psi (bar) ............... 100.0 (6.89)
Maximum Variation Between Cylinders, psi (bar) ............... 15.0 (1.03)
Oil Pressure at Low Idle, psi (bar) ............... 15.0-25.0 (1.03-1.72)
Oil Pressure at Max Speed, psi (bar) ............... 40.0-60.0 (2.75-4.13)
Radiator Cap Pressure Rating, psi (bar) ............... 13.0-15.0 (0.90-1.03)
Thermostat Initial Crack-to-Open Temperature, F (C) ............... 180.0 (82.2)
Thermostat Maximum Open Full Travel Target, F (C) ............... 202.0 (94.4)
Spark Plug Model ............... Motorcraft AG-22 or equivalent
Spark Plug Gap, in (mm) ............... 0.030-0.034 (0.76-0.86)
Breaker Point Gap, in (mm) ............... 0.014-0.016 (0.35-0.40)
Static Ignition Timing, deg BTDC ............... 6.0-10.0
Maximum Ignition Timing, deg BTDC ............... 24.0-28.0
Intake Valve Clearance (Cold), in (mm) ............... 0.008 (0.203)
Exhaust Valve Clearance (Cold), in (mm) ............... 0.012 (0.305)
Intake Valve Clearance (Hot), in (mm) ............... 0.010 (0.254)
Exhaust Valve Clearance (Hot), in (mm) ............... 0.014 (0.356)

Engine Oil and Coolant

Engine Oil Type .................. SAE 10W-30, SAE 5W-30
API Service Classifications ......................... SG, SH, SJ, or SL
Engine Oil Capacity Including Filter, qt (L) ............... 3.50 (3.31)
Engine Oil Capacity Excluding Oil Filter, qt (L) ............... 3.00 (2.84)
Cooling System Total Capacity, qt (L) ............... 6.50 (6.15)

Service Intervals

Change engine oil ............... Every 100 hours
Replace oil filter ............... Every 100 hours
Replace fuel filter ............... Every 250 hours
Inspect air filter ............... Every 50 hours
Replace air filter ............... Every 250 hours
Change coolant ............... Every 1000 hours
Valve-lash adjustment ............... Every 300 hours
Check fuel system ............... Every 500 hours
Replace spark plug ............... Every 500 hours
Compression test ............... Every 500 hours
Belt inspection ............... Every 100 hours

Service Specifications

Cylinder Bore Inner Diameter, in (mm) ............... 2.9115-2.9119 (73.952-73.962)
Cylinder Bore Out Of Round, in (mm) ............... 0.0015 (0.038)
Cylinder Bore Taper Service Limit, in (mm) ............... 0.002 (0.051)
Cylinder Block Deck Surface Warp Flatness, in (mm) ............... 0.003 (0.076)
Cylinder Head Base Face Warp Flatness, in (mm) ............... 0.003 (0.076)
Crankshaft Main Journal Diameter, in (mm) ............... 2.1252-2.1260 (53.980-54.000)
Crankpin Journal Diameter, in (mm) ............... 1.6925-1.6933 (42.990-43.010)
Crankshaft Main Bearing Shell Thickness, in (mm) ............... 0.0718 (1.824)
Crankshaft End Play, in (mm) ............... 0.003-0.007 (0.076-0.178)
Connecting Rod Big End Bore I.D, in (mm) ............... 1.8362-1.8370 (46.640-46.660)
Connecting Rod Small End Bushing I.D , in (mm) ............... 0.8124-0.8130 (20.635-20.650)
Crankshaft Main Bearing Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0008-0.0022 (0.020-0.056)
Connecting Rod Bearing Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0006-0.0020 (0.015-0.051)
Connecting Rod Side Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0040-0.0080 (0.102-0.203)
Piston Skirt Outer Diameter, in (mm) ............... 2.9095-2.9105 (73.901-73.927)
Piston To Cylinder Bore Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0018-0.0026 (0.046-0.066)
Piston Pin To Con Rod Bushing Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0003-0.0005 (0.008-0.013)
Piston Pin To Piston Pin Bore Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0001-0.0003 (0.003-0.008)
Piston Pin Bore Inside Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.8126-0.8130 (20.640-20.650)
Piston Pin Outer Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.8123-0.8125 (20.632-20.638)
Top Ring Groove Width, in (mm) ............... 0.0640-0.0655 (1.626-1.664)
Second Ring Groove Width, in (mm) ............... 0.0795-0.0810 (2.019-2.057)
Oil Ring Groove Width, in (mm) ............... 0.1580-0.1595 (4.013-4.051)
Top Ring Groove Side Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0016-0.0036 (0.041-0.091)
Second Ring Groove Side Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0016-0.0036 (0.041-0.091)
Oil Ring Groove Side Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0010-0.0025 (0.025-0.064)
Top Ring End Gap, in (mm) ............... 0.009-0.014 (0.229-0.356)
Second Ring End Gap, in (mm) ............... 0.009-0.014 (0.229-0.356)
Oil Ring End Gap, in (mm) ............... 0.011-0.031 (0.279-0.787)
Intake Valve Head Outer Diameter, in (mm) ............... 1.5080-1.5160 (38.300-38.500)
Exhaust Valve Head Outer Diameter, in (mm) ............... 1.1420-1.1500 (29.000-29.210)
Intake Valve Stem Outer Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.311-0.312 (7.90-7.92)
Exhaust Valve Stem Outer Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.310-0.311 (7.87-7.89)
Intake Valve Stem To Guide Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0010-0.0025 (0.025-0.064)
Exhaust Valve Stem To Guide Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0020-0.0035 (0.051-0.089)
Valve Stem Guide Bore Inner Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.313-0.314 (7.95-7.98)
Valve Spring Free Length, in (mm) ............... 1.740 (44.20)
Valve Seat Angle, deg ............... 45.0
Valve Face Angle, deg ............... 45.0
Valve Margin Thickness, in (mm) ............... 0.031 (0.79)
Valve Recess Depth , in (mm) ............... 0.035-0.045 (0.89-1.14)
Camshaft Bearing Journal Diameter (Front), in (mm) ............... 1.686-1.687 (42.82-42.85)
Camshaft Bearing Journal Diameter (Center), in (mm) ............... 1.6472-1.6482 (41.839-41.864)
Camshaft Bearing Journal Diameter (Rear), in (mm) ............... 1.5685-1.5695 (39.840-39.865)
Camshaft Journal Bearing Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.001-0.003 (0.025-0.076)
Cam Lobe Lift (Intake), in (mm) ............... 0.2285 (5.804)
Cam Lobe Lift (Exhaust), in (mm) ............... 0.2285 (5.804)
Camshaft End Play, in (mm) ............... 0.002-0.006 (0.051-0.152)
Rocker Arm Shaft Outer Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.6238-0.6248 (15.845-15.870)
Rocker Arm Bushing Inside Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.6253-0.6263 (15.883-15.908)
Rocker Arm Bushing to Shaft Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0005-0.0025 (0.013-0.064)

Tightening Torques

Cylinder Head Retention Cap Bolts (Step 1), lb-ft (Nm) ............... 25.0 (33.9)
Cylinder Head Retention Cap Bolts (Step 2), lb-ft (Nm) ............... 45.0 (61.0)
Cylinder Head Retention Cap Bolts (Step 3), lb-ft (Nm) ............... 65.0-70.0 (88.1-94.9)
Main Bearing Cap Cluster Retaining Anchors Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 55.0-60.0 (74.6-81.3)
Connecting Rod Cap Precision Threaded Nuts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 22.0-26.0 (29.8-35.3)
Flywheel Core Assembly to Crankshaft Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 40.0-45.0 (54.2-61.0)
Crankshaft Front Vibration Damper Center Hub Bolt, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 70.0-80.0 (94.9-108.5)
Camshaft Axial Thrust Locator Plate Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 6.0-9.0 (8.1-12.2)
Timing Chain Outer Cover to Cylinder Block Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 6.0-8.0 (8.1-10.8)
Valve Rocker Arm Shaft Cluster Support Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 25.0-30.0 (33.9-40.7)
Valve Rocker Sheet Metal Cover Top Fasteners, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 4.0-6.0 (5.4-8.1)
Oil Pan Sump Assembly Perimeter Retaining Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 7.0-9.0 (9.5-12.2)
Oil Pan Fluid Drain Plug Hex Extraction Lock Nut, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 20.0-25.0 (27.1-33.9)
Oil Pump Housing Assembly Internal Block Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 11.0-15.0 (14.9-20.3)
Intake Manifold Fuel Runner Core Attachment Head Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 15.0-18.0 (20.3-24.4)
Exhaust Manifold Cast Iron Flange Locknuts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 15.0-18.0 (20.3-24.4)
Water Pump Jacket Housing Engine Block Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 12.0-15.0 (16.3-20.3)
Thermostat Housing Neck to Cylinder Head Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 12.0-15.0 (16.3-20.3)
Spark Plugs Threaded Cylinder Head Socket Engagement, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 15.0-20.0 (20.3-27.1)
Distributor Base Clamp Bracket Holding Securement Bolt, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 12.0-15.0 (16.3-20.3)
Fuel Transfer Mechanical Pump Flange Attachment Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 12.0-15.0 (16.3-20.3)
Mechanical Centrifugal Governor Assembly Housing Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 15.0-18.0 (20.3-24.4)
Starter Motor Flange Structural Mounting Block Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 25.0-30.0 (33.9-40.7)
Alternator Base Pivot Securement Main Long Frame Bolt, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 25.0-30.0 (33.9-40.7)
Alternator Adjusting Slide Link Tensioner Lockdown Bolt, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 15.0-18.0 (20.3-24.4)
Flywheel Housing Clutch Outer Cover to Engine Block Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 30.0-35.0 (40.7-47.5)
Crankshaft Rear Main Oil Seal Retainer Housing Carrier Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 7.0-10.0 (9.5-13.6)
Oil Pump Screen Intake Pickup Tube Flange Support Bolt, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 7.0-10.0 (9.5-13.6)
Oil Filter Adapter Center Spud Fitting Hex Nut Base, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 20.0-25.0 (27.1-33.9)
Camshaft Timing Sprocket Drive Hub Flange Attachment Bolt, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 30.0-35.0 (40.7-47.5)
Distributor Drive Internal Vacuum Advance Control Unit Screw, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 2.0-4.0 (2.7-5.4)
Carburetor or Gas Mixer Flange Intake Manifold Stud Nuts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 12.0-15.0 (16.3-20.3)
Governor Control Internal Linkage Ball Joint Adjustment Stud, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 4.0-6.0 (5.4-8.1)
Exhaust System Downpipe Collector Flange Securement Nuts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 25.0-30.0 (33.9-40.7)
Cooling Fan Blade Cluster Assembly to Water Pump Pulley Hub, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 7.0-10.0 (9.5-13.6)
Engine Support Front Mount Foot to Block Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 35.0-45.0 (47.5-61.0)
Engine Support Rear Mount Foot to Flywheel Housing, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 40.0-50.0 (54.2-67.8)

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