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Volvo Penta D6-380 Engine

The Volvo Penta D6-380 is a heavy-duty, in-line 6-cylinder marine diesel engine engineered for high reliability, premium fuel efficiency, and smooth, low-vibration performance. Utilizing a robust cast-iron cylinder block and cylinder head anchored by a reinforcing ladder frame, it is purpose-built to withstand demanding marine loads. It features a rear-end camshaft transmission drive and oil-cooled pistons with integrated cylinder liners to optimize durability and significantly minimize mechanical noise. The engine manages its performance operations via the Electronic Vessel Control (EVC) and an automated Engine Management System (EMS).

The crankshaft power of this engine is rated at 380 hp (280 kW) at its maximum rated speed. The cylinder head utilizes a 4-valve technology configuration (four valves per cylinder). Operating overhead are double overhead camshafts (DOHC) interacting directly with hydraulic lash adjusters to completely eliminate the requirement for manual valve clearance adjustments. The internal cylinder geometry features a cylinder bore of 103 mm (4.05 in.) and a piston stroke of 110 mm (4.33 in.). Total displacement across all six cylinders equates to 5.5 liters (336 cubic inches).

Fuel delivery is managed via an electronically controlled Common-Rail high-pressure injection system operating at pressures up to 2000 bar. A high-pressure fuel pump distributes diesel evenly across a shared rail line feeding electronic fuel injectors for precise combustion. The circuit includes a single fine fuel filter of a spin-on design, an integrated water-in-fuel separation bowl with an electrical alarm sensor, and a dedicated fuel line pressure sensor to proactively flag filter clogging to the Engine Management System.

Lubrication System: A wet-sump layout featuring a total system oil capacity of 20 liters. The engine uses a dual-filtration package consisting of replaceable separate full-flow and bypass spin-on oil filters. System components include a seawater-cooled tubular oil cooler, integrated oil temperature and oil level sensors, and a maintenance-free crankcase oil separator unit to manage engine ventilation. The factory specifies high-performance Volvo Penta Drain Specification (VDS) marine oils.

Cooling System: A dual-circuit, pressurized sealed marine cooling system. The internal freshwater (coolant) circuit maintains a fluid capacity of 16 liters and is regulated by a thermostat that begins opening at 82C and reaches full open at 92C. This closed circuit transfers its heat through an integrated heat exchanger unit cooled by an external seawater circuit, which is driven by a rubber impeller seawater pump protected by consumable zinc sacrificial anodes.

General Technical Data

Engine Specifications

Engine Model ............... Volvo Penta D6-380
Engine Type ............... 4-stroke inline 6-cylinder direct injection liquid-cooled marine diesel
Number of Cylinders ............... 6
Cylinder Arrangement ............... In-line
Engine Bore, in (mm) ............... 4.06 (103.0)
Engine Stroke, in (mm) ............... 4.33 (110.0)
Displacement, cu.in (L) ............... 335.6 (5.50)
Rated Engine Power, hp (kW) ............... 380 (280)
Propeller Shaft Power, hp (kW) ............... 366 (269)
Rated Engine Speed, rpm ............... 3500
Peak Torque ............... 1110 Nm (818.7 lb-ft) at 2000-2500 rpm
Low Idle Speed ............... 600-650 rpm
Aspiration Type ............... Turbocharged, supercharged, aftercooled
Compression Ratio ............... 17.5:1
Firing Order ............... 1-5-3-6-2-4
Cylinder Block Type ............... Cast iron
Cylinder Head Type ............... Cast iron single piece with double overhead camshafts
Valves Per Cylinder ............... 4
Lubrication System ............... Full-pressure lubrication with gear-driven pump and integrated oil cooler
Oil Pump Type ............... Gear-driven rotary pump
Oil Filter Type ............... Full-flow spin-on with secondary bypass filter
Cooling System ............... Thermostatically controlled seawater and freshwater dual circuit system
Water Pump Type ............... Belt-driven centrifugal freshwater pump and flexible impeller seawater pump
Air Cleaner Type ............... Dry heavy duty paper element with silencer housing
Starting System ............... Electric Starter Motor
Emission Certification ............... IMO NOx, EU RCD Stage II, US EPA Tier 3 compliant
Electrical System ............... 12V or 24V
Alternator Capacity ............... 115 A

Fuel System Data

Fuel Injection Type ............... Common rail electronic direct injection
High Pressure Pump Model ............... Bosch CP3.3 derivative
Maximum Common Rail Pressure, psi (MPa) ............... 23206 (160.0)
Minimum Starting Rail Pressure, psi (MPa) ............... 2900 (20.0)
Pressure Control Mechanism ............... Magnetic proportional valve (MPROP)
Injector Type ............... Solenoid operated multi-hole electronic fuel injectors
Feed Pump Type ............... Mechanical gear-driven transfer pump
Fuel Filtration System ............... Primary fuel/water separator with secondary spin-on filter
Fuel Pre-Filter Micron Rating ............... 10.0 microns
Secondary Filter Micron Rating ............... 2.0-5.0 microns
Fuel Return System ............... High-pressure relief return circuit via cooler to fuel tank
Fuel Delivery Pressure, psi (kPa) ............... 58.0-72.5 (400.0-500.0)
Maximum Fuel Consumption at Full Load, gph (L/hr) ............... 20.07 (76.0)
Recommended Fuel Type ............... Ultra-low sulfur diesel fuel, EN 590 or ASTM D975 No. 2-D
Fuel System Bleeding Method ............... Manual hand primer pump on secondary filter housing

Dimensions and Weight

Overall Length with HS85A Gearbox, in (mm) ............... 53.7 (1365)
Overall Width, in (mm) ............... 32.8 (835)
Overall Height, in (mm) ............... 35.2 (895)
Dry Weight with DPH Sterndrive, lbs (kg) ............... 1676 (760)
Dry Weight with DPI Sterndrive, lbs (kg) ............... 1698 (770)
Dry Weight with HS68IV Reverse Gear, lbs (kg) ............... 1532 (695)
Dry Weight with HS68A Reverse Gear, lbs (kg) ............... 1466 (665)
Dry Weight with HS85IV Reverse Gear, lbs (kg) ............... 1587 (720)
Dry Weight with HS85A Reverse Gear, lbs (kg) ............... 1521 (690)

Maintenance Data

Service Information

Oil Pressure at Normal Idle, psi (kPa) ............... 18.1 (125)
Oil Pressure at 3500 rpm, psi (kPa) ............... 63.8 (440)
Oil Pressure at Low Idle, psi (kPa) ............... 11.6 (80)
Oil Pressure Relief Valve, psi (kPa) ............... 101.5 (700)
Cooling System Cap Pressure Rating, psi (kPa) ............... 10.9 (75)
Maximum Engine Oil Temperature, F (C) ............... 257 (125)
Thermostat Start To Open Temperature, F (C) ............... 180 (82)
Thermostat Fully Open Temperature, F (C) ............... 198 (92)

Engine Oil and Coolant

Engine Oil Type .................. SAE 5W-30, SAE 10W-30, or SAE 15W-40
API Service Classifications ......................... CH-4 or CI-4
Engine Oil Capacity with Filters, US qt (L) ............... 21.1 (20.0)
Engine Oil Capacity (Low Level), US qt (L) ............... 16.9 (16.0)
Coolant Capacity Closed Circuit, US gal (L) ............... 4.2 (16.0)
Compressor Oil Capacity, US qt (L) ............... 0.11 (0.1)
HS80AE Reverse Gear Oil Capacity, US qt (L) ............... 5.8 (5.5)
HS80IVE V-Drive Oil Capacity, US qt (L) ............... 7.4 (7.0)
DPH Duoprop Drive Oil Capacity, US qt (L) ............... 5.5 (5.2)

Service Intervals

Change oil and filter ............... Every 200 hours
Service air cleaner ............... Every 100 hours
Replace air cleaner ............... Every 400 hours
Replace fuel filter ............... Every 200 hours
Fuel system inspection ............... Every 1200 hours
Change coolant ............... Every 1000 hours
Compression test ............... Every 2000 hours
Replace drive belt ............... Every 400 hours
Replace impeller ............... Every 200 hours
Service heat exchanger ............... Every 400 hours

Service Specifications

Cylinder Bore Inner Diameter, in (mm) ............... 4.0551-4.0559 (103.000-103.020)
Cylinder Bore Maximum Wear Limit, in (mm) ............... 4.0591 (103.100)
Cylinder Bore Ovality Maximum, in (mm) ............... 0.0008 (0.020)
Cylinder Bore Taper Maximum, in (mm) ............... 0.0008 (0.020)
Main Bearing Journal Diameter, in (mm) ............... 3.3461-3.3468 (84.992-85.012)
Main Bearing Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0015-0.0035 (0.040-0.090)
Connecting Rod Bearing Journal Diameter, in (mm) ............... 2.5587-2.5594 (64.992-65.010)
Connecting Rod Bearing Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0015-0.0033 (0.038-0.084)
Crankshaft Axial End Play, in (mm) ............... 0.0031-0.0118 (0.080-0.300)
Thrust Bearing Journal Width, in (mm) ............... 1.4567-1.4583 (37.000-37.040)
Connecting Rod Total Side Play, in (mm) ............... 0.0059-0.0138 (0.150-0.350)
Piston Skirt Outside Diameter, in (mm) ............... 4.0511-4.0523 (102.900-102.930)
Piston to Cylinder Bore Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0027-0.0047 (0.070-0.120)
Piston Pin Diameter, in (mm) ............... 1.5746-1.5748 (39.994-40.000)
Piston Pin to Con Rod Bushing Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0006-0.0014 (0.015-0.035)
Top Ring Groove Side Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0024-0.0043 (0.060-0.110)
Second Ring Groove Side Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0019-0.0037 (0.050-0.095)
Oil Ring Groove Side Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0011-0.0029 (0.030-0.075)
Top Ring End Gap, in (mm) ............... 0.0118-0.0197 (0.300-0.500)
Second Ring End Gap, in (mm) ............... 0.0197-0.0295 (0.500-0.750)
Oil Ring End Gap, in (mm) ............... 0.0098-0.0197 (0.250-0.500)
Cylinder Head Flatness Distortion, in (mm) ............... 0.0039 (0.10)
Cylinder Block Deck Flatness, in (mm) ............... 0.0020 (0.05)
Intake Valve Stem Outside Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.2736-0.2742 (6.950-6.965)
Exhaust Valve Stem Outside Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.2724-0.2732 (6.920-6.940)
Intake Valve Guide Inside Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.2756-0.2764 (7.000-7.020)
Exhaust Valve Guide Inside Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.2756-0.2764 (7.000-7.020)
Intake Valve Stem to Guide Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0014-0.0027 (0.035-0.070)
Exhaust Valve Stem to Guide Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0024-0.0039 (0.060-0.100)
Intake Valve Head Depth, in (mm) ............... 0.0276-0.0394 (0.700-1.000)
Exhaust Valve Head Depth, in (mm) ............... 0.0276-0.0394 (0.700-1.000)
Valve Seat Angle ............... 45 degrees
Valve Face Angle ............... 44.5 degrees
Camshaft Journal Diameter, in (mm) ............... 1.9681-1.9693 (49.990-50.020)
Camshaft Bearing Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0019-0.0039 (0.050-0.100)
Cam Lobe Height (Intake), in (mm) ............... 0.3346 (8.50)
Cam Lobe Height (Exhaust), in (mm) ............... 0.3543 (9.00)
Camshaft Axial End Play, in (mm) ............... 0.0039-0.0098 (0.100-0.250)

Tightening Torques

Cylinder Head Bolts (1-Stage), lb-ft (Nm) ............... 36.9 (50.0)
Cylinder Head Bolts (2-Stage), lb-ft (Nm) ............... 73.8 (100.0)
Cylinder Head Bolts (3-Stage), lb-ft (Nm) ............... 110.6 (150.0)
Main Bearing Cap Bolts (1-Stage), lb-ft (Nm) ............... 44.3 (60.0)
Main Bearing Cap Bolts (2-Stage), lb-ft (Nm) ............... 95.9 (130.0)
Connecting Rod Cap Bolts (1-Stage), lb-ft (Nm) ............... 22.1 (30.0)
Connecting Rod Cap Bolts (2-Stage), lb-ft (Nm) ............... 47.9 (65.0)
Flywheel Fixing Bolts (1-Stage), lb-ft (Nm) ............... 36.9 (50.0)
Flywheel Fixing Bolts (2-Stage), lb-ft (Nm) ............... 73.8 (100.0)
Vibration Damper Crankshaft Pulley Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 62.7 (85.0)
Camshaft Gear Center Retaining Bolt, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 55.3 (75.0)
Camshaft Bearing Cap, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 17.7 (24.0)
Crankcase Oil Pan Mounting Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 17.7 (24.0)
Oil Pan Drain Plug, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 33.2 (45.0)
Valve Rocker Arm Shaft Support Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 22.1 (30.0)
Engine Valve Cover Top Screws, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 8.1 (11.0)
Exhaust Manifold Flange Nuts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 35.4 (48.0)
Turbocharger Mounting Flange Nut, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 35.4 (48.0)
Common Rail High Pressure Fuel Line Nuts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 20.7 (28.0)
Fuel Injector Clamping Bracket Fasteners, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 15.5 (21.0)
High Pressure Fuel Pump Drive Gear Bolt, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 66.4 (90.0)
Fuel Injector Feed Pipe Connection Joints, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 19.9 (27.0)
Alternator Bracket Base Pivot Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 35.4 (48.0)
Starter Motor Frame Mounting Fasteners, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 35.4 (48.0)
Seawater Pump Housing Screws, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 15.5 (21.0)
Oil Cooler Housing Core Clamping Screws, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 17.7 (24.0)
Freshwater Thermostat Housing Cover Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 17.7 (24.0)
Flywheel Housing to Engine Block (M12), lb-ft (Nm) ............... 62.7 (85.0)
Flywheel Housing to Engine Block (M10), lb-ft (Nm) ............... 35.4 (48.0)
Crankcase Breather Element Cover Screws, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 8.1 (11.0)
Supercharger Compressor Sump Drain Plug, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 14.8 (20.0)
Supercharger Assembly Main Bracket Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 35.4 (48.0)
Intake Manifold Air Inlet Plenum Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 17.7 (24.0)
Glow Plug Cylindrical Heating Elements, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 11.1 (15.0)
Oil Pump Internal Delivery Pipe Flange, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 8.1 (11.0)
Piston Oil Cooling Jet Nozzle Bolt, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 11.1 (15.0)
Timing Gear Case Backplate M8 Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 17.7 (24.0)
Timing Gear Case Outer Cover M6 Screws, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 7.4 (10.0)
Engine Oil Filter Bypass Valve Assembly, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 25.8 (35.0)
Coolant Heat Exchanger Drain Cock Valve, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 18.4 (25.0)
Raw Water Sacrificial Anode Brass Plug, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 22.1 (30.0)
Engine Support Foot Marine Mount Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 103.3 (140.0)
Exhaust Riser Discharge Elbow Band Clamp, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 8.9 (12.0)
Engine Control Unit Heat Sink Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 6.6 (9.0)
Rail Pressure Sensor Threaded Interface, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 51.6 (70.0)
Fuel Temperature Sensor Brass Housing, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 14.8 (20.0)
Coolant Temperature Sensor Element, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 16.2 (22.0)
Manifold Boost Air Pressure Sensor Bolt, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 6.6 (9.0)
Lube Oil Pressure Sensor, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 22.1 (30.0)
Crankshaft Position Sensor Pickup Bracket, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 7.4 (10.0)
Camshaft Position Reference Indicator Bolt, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 7.4 (10.0)
Water In Fuel Contamination Bottom Sensor, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 2.2 (3.0)
Sea Water Circuit Impeller End Cover Screws, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 4.4 (6.0)
Air Intake Silencer Filter Housing Clamps, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 5.2 (7.0)
Compressor Drive Electromagnetic Clutch Bolt, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 44.3 (60.0)

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• Volvo Penta Engines Specs
  
• Volvo Penta D6-310 Specs
  
• Volvo Penta D6-350 Specs
  
• Volvo Penta D6-370 Specs
  
• Volvo Penta D6-400 Specs
  
• Volvo Penta D6-440 Specs
  
• Volvo Penta D6-480 Specs
  

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