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Volvo Penta D16 MH Engine

General Technical Data

Engine Specifications

Engine Designation ............... Volvo Penta D16 MH
Engine Type ............... 4-stroke inline 6-cylinder direct injection liquid-cooled diesel
Number of Cylinders ............... 6
Cylinder Arrangement ............... In-line
Engine Bore, in (mm) ............... 5.67 (144.0)
Engine Stroke, in (mm) ............... 6.50 (165.0)
Displacement, cu.in (L) ............... 983.9 (16.12)
Crankshaft Power (Rating 1), hp (kW) ............... 500-650 (368-478) at 1800 rpm
Crankshaft Power (Rating 2), hp (kW) ............... 750 (551) at 1900 rpm
Peak Torque (Rating 1), lb-ft (Nm) ............... 2040-2412 (2766-3271) at 1400 rpm
Maximum Torque (Rating 2), lb-ft (Nm) ............... 2692 (3650) at 1200 rpm
Low Idle Speed, rpm ............... 550-650
High Idle Speed, rpm ............... 1950-2050
Maximum Operating Speed, rpm ............... 1900
Aspiration Type ............... Twin-entry turbocharged with freshwater-cooled charge air cooler
Compression Ratio ............... 17.5:1
Firing Order ............... 1-5-3-6-2-4
Combustion Technology ............... Electronically controlled unit injectors with center positioning
Cylinder Liner Variant ............... Replaceable wet type centrifugal cast iron liners
Valve Seat Inserts ............... Replaceable induction hardened steel alloy
Valve Guides Variant ............... Replaceable cast iron alloy with integrated oil seals
Crankcase Ventilation ............... Closed system with pressure regulation and oil separator
Cylinder Block Material ............... Cast iron ladder frame design
Cylinder Head Design ............... Single piece cast iron overhead camshaft crossflow structure
Number of Valves per Cylinder ............... 4
Lubrication System Layout ............... Full-pressure circulation with dedicated piston cooling
Oil Pump Configuration ............... Gear-driven crankshaft-mounted assembly
Oil Filtration Array ............... Two full-flow spin-on filters and one bypass spin-on filter
Cooling Circuit Type ............... Liquid-cooled closed system with heat exchanger or keel cooling
Coolant Pump Mechanics ............... Gear-driven high-capacity centrifugal pump
Air Intake System ............... Heavy-duty dry type air cleaner with restriction indicator
Emission Certification Compliance ............... IMO NOx Tier II, EPA Marine Tier 3, China II
Starting Mechanism ............... Electric starter motor or optional pneumatic air starter
Electrical System ............... 24V ground isolated arrangement
Alternator Capacity, A ............... 80 or 110 at 24V

Fuel System

Fuel Injection Technology Type ............... Delphi E3 Dual Valve Electronic Unit Injector Architecture
Electronic Engine Control Designation ............... EMS 2 Marine Variant
Fuel Feed Supply Transfer Pump Variant ............... High-capacity gear pump driven from rear gear train
Fuel System Filter Config ............... Primary water separator bowl filter with secondary dual spin-on element
Unit Injector Solenoid Operating Actuation Voltage, V ............... 90-100
Unit Injector Needle Opening Pressure Standard Initial, psi (bar) ............... 4351 (300)
Unit Injector Peak Dynamic Micro Injection Combustion Pressure, psi (bar) ............... 29007 (2000)
Fuel Supply Main Circuit Feed Line Inner Hose Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.5118 (13.0)
Fuel Return Overflow Vent Circuit Line Inner Hose Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.3937 (10.0)
Primary Fuel Filtration Micron Rating Standard Efficiency, microns ............... 10-30
Secondary Fuel Filtration Micron Rating High Efficiency, microns ............... 3-5
Fuel Tank Vent Air Breather Minimum Internal Pipe Bore, in (mm) ............... 0.7480 (19.0)
Fuel Pre-heater Element Electrical Resistance Coil Standard, ohms ............... 0.8-1.5
Fuel Temperature Sensor Nominal Resistance Value at 68 F (20 C), ohms ............... 2200-2600
Fuel Temperature Sensor Nominal Resistance Value at 176 F (80 C), ohms ............... 290-340
Fuel Shutoff Solenoid Coil Electrical Resistance Value, ohms ............... 24-32
Fuel Feed Transfer Pump Delivery Pressure at Low Idle, psi (kPa) ............... 43.5 (300)
Fuel Feed Transfer Pump Delivery Pressure at Rated Speed, psi (kPa) ............... 72.5-87.0 (500-600)
Fuel System Maximum Inbound Suction Restriction Depression Limit, in Hg (kPa) ............... 4.43 (15.0)
Fuel Overflow Return Relief Valve Opening Pressure Setting, psi (kPa) ............... 58.0-65.2 (400-450)
Fuel Transfer Pump Minimum Flow Rate at 1800 rpm, gpm (L/min) ............... 3.96-4.49 (15.0-17.0)
Maximum Fuel Temperature in Fuel Gallery System Rail Limit, F (C) ............... 176 (80)
Target Fuel Density Standard Baseline Calibration Value, lb/gal (g/L) ............... 7.01 (840) at 59 F (15 C)
Recommended Fuel Classification ............... EN 590, ASTM D975 No. 1-D and 2-D, HVO alternative
Fuel Coolant Heat Exchanger Dissipation Rate Core Rating, BTU/min (kW) ............... 284-426 (5.0-7.5)

Dimensions and Weight

Overall Length, Bobtail (Front to Flywheel Housing Face), in (mm) ............... 64.6 (1640)
Overall Width Horizontal Cross Section Extent, in (mm) ............... 46.1 (1170)
Overall Height Base Sump to Valve Cover Apex, in (mm) ............... 53.3 (1355)
Dry Weight (Bobtail Engine Assembly Config), lbs (kg) ............... 3858 (1750)
Wet Weight (Bobtail Config with Full Fluids), lbs (kg) ............... 4100 (1860)

Maintenance Data

Service Information

Oil Pressure at Low Idle, kPa (psi) ............... 137-160 (20.0-23.0)
Oil Pressure at Rated Speed, kPa (psi) ............... 295-500 (43.0-73.0)
Inlet Valve Clearance (Cold), in (mm) ............... 0.0118 (0.30)
Exhaust Valve Clearance (Cold), in (mm) ............... 0.0236 (0.60)

Engine Oil and Coolant

Engine Oil Type .................. SAE 10W-30, SAE 15W-40, VDS-4.5
API Service Classifications ......................... CK-4, CJ-4, CI-4
Engine Oil Capacity Including All Filters, gal (L) ............... 11.10 (42.0)
Engine Oil Capacity Engine (Deep Marine Pan Only), gal (L) ............... 10.04 (38.0)
Cooling Capacity (Engine Block and Heat Exchanger), gal (L) ............... 15.85 (60.0)
Raw Water Cooling Pump Circuit Capacity, gal (L) ............... 1.32 (5.0)
Primary Full-Flow Oil Filter Cartridge Capacity, qt (L) ............... 2.11 (2.0)
Secondary Bypass Oil Filter Cartridge Capacity, qt (L) ............... 1.05 (1.0)

Service Intervals

Change engine oil ............... Every 500 hours
Replace oil filter ............... Every 500 hours
Replace fuel filter ............... Every 500 hours
Service air filter ............... Every 250 hours
Replace air filter ............... Every 1000 hours
Change coolant ............... Every 4000 hours
Valve-lash adjustment ............... Every 2000 hours
Replace pump impeller ............... Every 1000 hours
Check fuel system ............... Every 2000 hours
Compression test ............... Every 2000 hours
Belt inspection ............... Every 500 hours

Service Specifications

Cylinder Bore Inside Diameter, in (mm) ............... 5.6693-5.6705 (144.000-144.030)
Cylinder Block Deck Warpage, in (mm) ............... 0.0012 (0.03)
Cylinder Bore Out of Roundness, in (mm) ............... 0.0008 (0.02)
Main Bearing Bore Inside Diameter, in (mm) ............... 4.2520-4.2531 (108.000-108.030)
Main Bearing Journal Diameter, in (mm) ............... 4.2515-4.2524 (107.988-108.010)
Main Bearing Journal Out of Roundness, in (mm) ............... 0.0003 (0.008)
Main Bearing Oil Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0022-0.0046 (0.057-0.117)
Crankshaft Axial Thrust End Play, in (mm) ............... 0.0059-0.0138 (0.150-0.350)
Thrust Bearing Shell Thickness, in (mm) ............... 0.1240-0.1252 (3.150-3.180)
Connecting Rod Big End Bore I.D, in (mm) ............... 3.8189-3.8197 (97.000-97.020)
Connecting Rod Small End Bushing I.D, in (mm) ............... 2.1264-2.1272 (54.010-54.030)
Connecting Rod Journal Diameter, in (mm) ............... 3.6216-3.6224 (91.988-92.010)
Connecting Rod Bearing Oil Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0021-0.0044 (0.054-0.112)
Piston Skirt Outer Diameter, in (mm) ............... 5.6591-5.6606 (143.740-143.780)
Piston to Cylinder Bore Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0087-0.0114 (0.220-0.290)
Piston Pin Bore Inside Diameter , in (mm) ............... 2.1261-2.1265 (54.004-54.014)
Piston Pin Outside Diameter, in (mm) ............... 2.1256-2.1260 (53.990-54.000)
Piston Pin to Piston Pin Bore Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0002-0.0009 (0.004-0.024)
Piston Pin to Small End Bushing Clearance in (mm) ............... 0.0004-0.0016 (0.010-0.040)
Top Ring Groove Side Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0028-0.0043 (0.070-0.110)
Second Ring Groove Side Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0020-0.0035 (0.050-0.090)
Oil Ring Groove Side Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0016-0.0031 (0.040-0.080)
Top Ring End Gap, in (mm) ............... 0.0138-0.0217 (0.350-0.550)
Second Ring End Gap, in (mm) ............... 0.0276-0.0374 (0.700-0.950)
Oil Ring End Gap, in (mm) ............... 0.0157-0.0256 (0.400-0.650)
Cylinder Head Flatness Deviation Maximum, in (mm) ............... 0.0039 (0.10)
Cylinder Head Flatness Deviation Span per 6 inches, in (mm) ............... 0.0008 (0.02)
Inlet Valve Guide Inside Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.3150-0.3161 (8.000-8.030)
Exhaust Valve Guide Inside Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.3150-0.3161 (8.000-8.030)
Inlet Valve Stem to Guide Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0012-0.0024 (0.030-0.060)
Exhaust Valve Stem to Guide Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0016-0.0028 (0.040-0.070)
Inlet Valve Head Outer Diameter, in (mm) ............... 1.9291-1.9370 (49.0-49.2)
Exhaust Valve Head Outer Diameter, in (mm) ............... 1.8110-1.8189 (46.0-46.2)
Inlet Valve Seat Angle, degrees ............... 29.5-30.0
Inlet Valve Face Angle, degrees ............... 29.5-30.0
Exhaust Valve Seat Angle, degrees ............... 44.5-45.0
Exhaust Valve Face Angle, degrees ............... 44.5-45.0
Inlet Valve Head Recess Depth, in (mm) ............... 0.0354-0.0551 (0.90-1.40)
Exhaust Valve Head Recess Depth, in (mm) ............... 0.0512-0.0709 (1.30-1.80)o
Valve Spring Free Length, in (mm) ............... 2.6575 (67.50)
Camshaft Journal Outside Diameter, in (mm) ............... 2.7543-2.7555 (69.960-69.990)
Camshaft Bearing Bushing Inside Diameter, in (mm) ............... 2.7579-2.7594 (70.050-70.090)
Camshaft Tunnel Bore Inside Diameter, in (mm) ............... 3.3465-3.3480 (85.000-85.040)
Camshaft Journal to Bearing Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0024-0.0051 (0.060-0.130)
Camshaft Total Thrust End Play, in (mm) ............... 0.0020-0.0098 (0.050-0.250)
Intake Cam Lobe Height, in (mm) ............... 3.3228-3.3346 (84.400-84.700)
Exhaust Cam Lobe Height, in (mm) ............... 3.4449-3.4567 (87.500-87.800)
Rocker Arm Shaft Outside Diameter, in (mm) ............... 1.9673-1.9681 (49.970-49.990)
Rocker Arm Bushing Inside Diameter, in (mm) ............... 1.9697-1.9709 (50.030-50.060)
Rocker Arm Bushing to Shaft Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0016-0.0035 (0.040-0.090)

Tightening Torques

Cylinder Head Bolts (Step 1), lb-ft (Nm) ............... 44.2 (60)
Cylinder Head Bolts (Step 2), lb-ft (Nm) ............... 73.7 (100)
Main Bearing Cap Bolts (Step 1), lb-ft (Nm) ............... 110.6 (150)
Main Bearing Cap Bolts (Step 2), lb-ft (Nm) ............... 221.2 (300)
Connecting Rod Cap Fasteners (Step 1), lb-ft (Nm) ............... 14.7 (20)
Connecting Rod Cap Fasteners (Step 2), lb-ft (Nm) ............... 44.2 (60)
Flywheel Mounting Bolts (Step 1), lb-ft (Nm) ............... 44.2 (60)
Flywheel Mounting Bolts (Step 2), lb-ft (Nm) ............... 147.5 (200)
Flywheel Housing Attachment M14 Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 103.2 (140)
Flywheel Housing Attachment M12 Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 62.6 (85)
Crankshaft Front Pulley Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 191.7 (260)
Camshaft Bearing Caps Fasteners (Step 1), lb-ft (Nm) ............... 11.0 (15)
Camshaft Bearing Caps Fasteners (Step 2), lb-ft (Nm) ............... 36.8 (50)
Rocker Arm Shaft Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 36.8 (50)
Valve Adjusting Screw Rocker Arm Lock Nut, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 28.0 (38)
Unit Injector Adjusting Lock Nut, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 38.3 (52)
Unit Injector Steel Clamping Yoke Stud Bolt, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 14.7 (20)
Exhaust Manifold Heat Resisting Duct Nuts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 38.3 (52)
Turbocharger Gas Inlet Flange Mounting Nuts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 35.4 (48)
Oil Sump Base Pan Perimeter Screws, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 17.7 (24)
Oil Sump Bottom Drain Plug, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 38.3 (52)
Oil Cooler Core Cover Housing Attachment Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 17.7 (24)
Oil Pump Assembly Base Mounting Fasteners, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 25.8 (35)
Piston Cooling Fixed Oil Jet Spray Nozzle Bolt, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 17.7 (24)
Oil Pressure Sensor Attachment Unit, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 22.1 (30)
Piston Cooling Pressure Sensor, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 18.4 (25)
Fuel Injection Pressure Relief Spill Valve Body, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 33.1 (45)
Fuel Secondary Filter Housing Attachment Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 18.4 (25)
Raw Water Pump Drive Spline Shaft Adapter Nut, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 95.8 (130)
Freshwater Thermostat Housing Cover Screws, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 18.4 (25)
Crankcase Breather Vent Separator Unit Fasteners, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 8.1 (11)
Engine Ground Isolation Cable Stud Connection Nut, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 18.4 (25)
Alternator Pivot Anchor Support Mounting Bolt, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 62.6 (85)
Starter Motor Flange Mounting Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 62.6 (85)
Valve Timing Gear Train Casing Backing Fasteners, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 20.6 (28)
Adjustable Idler Gear Timing Wheel Hub Screw, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 18.4 (25)
Fixed Main Idler Gear Timing Wheel Hub Mount Screws, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 66.3 (90)
Air Intake Manifold Segment Cross Over Duct Screws, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 18.4 (25)
Exhaust Brake Control Valve Actuator Housing Screws, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 15.5 (21)
Cylinder Head Top Plastic Valve Rocker Cover Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 8.1 (11)

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