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Isuzu 3CE1 Engine

The Isuzu 3CE1 is a compact, 3-cylinder, 4-stroke, naturally aspirated industrial diesel engine manufactured by Isuzu Motors Limited. Designed for heavy-duty applications such as power generators, pumps, compressors, and marine units, it is built to comply with U.S. EPA Tier 4 Interim and Stage 3a emissions directives. The engine features an overhead valve configuration and an indirect or mechanical direct injection system depending on the specific application sub-variant, engineered for low fuel consumption, low operational noise, and simplified field maintenance. Valvetrain System: Overhead Valve (OHV) configuration actuated via a traditional pushrod and rocker arm mechanism. Valves per Cylinder: 2 valves per cylinder (1 intake, 1 exhaust). Bore: 88 mm (3.46 in). Stroke: 90 mm (3.54 in). Total Displacement: 1.642 Liters (97.6 cubic inches).

Fuel Injection Type: Mechanical direct or indirect injection system utilizing mini-type individual injection pumps or an inline multi-plunger Bosch-type pump setup. Fuel Delivery: Incorporates an electric, self-priming fuel lift pump designed to purge air automatically during initial startup or after filter changes.
Starting Aid: Integrated 12V electric glow plugs positioned within the combustion chamber path to assist cold-weather ignition and reduce white smoke during startup.

Lubrication System: Forced lubrication via a trochoid-type oil pump driven by the crankshaft gear. Oil Pan Specification: Equipped with a high-angularity oil pan to maintain oil pickup during steep angles of operation in mobile industrial machinery. Service Intervals: Designated 250-hour to 500-hour oil drain and filter replacement cycles depending on load severity. Cooling System Type: Liquid-cooled, pressurized system utilizing forced circulation driven by a belt-driven water pump. Coolant Specification: Liquid cooling loop utilizing Organic Acid Technology (O.A.T.) long-life coolant to prevent cavitation and internal scale buildup.

General Technical Data

Engine Specifications

Engine Model ............... Isuzu 3CE1
Engine Type ............... 4-cycle inline 3-cylinder direct injection liquid-cooled diesel
Number of Cylinders ............... 3
Cylinder Arrangement ............... In-line inline vertical
Engine Bore, in (mm) ............... 3.46 (88.0)
Engine Stroke, in (mm) ............... 3.54 (90.0)
Displacement, cu.in (L) ............... 97.6 (1.642)
Rated Engine Power (Industrial Drive), hp (kW) ............... 38.9 (29.0)
Rated Engine Power (Generator Drive), hp (kW) ............... 23.4 (17.4)
Continuous Power Output, hp (kW) ............... 30.7 (22.9)
Rated Engine Speed, rpm ............... 1800-3000
Peak Torque ............... 79.7 lb-ft (105.0 Nm) at 1200 rpm
Torque at Constant Speed (Genset) ............... 51.5 lb-ft (70.0 Nm) at 1800 rpm
Low Idle Speed, rpm ............... 800-900
High Idle Speed, rpm ............... 3150-3250
Aspiration Type ............... Naturally Aspirated
Compression Ratio ............... 19.5:1 - 21.5:1
Firing Order ............... 1-3-2
Combustion Chamber Design ............... Direct injection
Rotation Direction ............... Counterclockwise viewed from flywheel end
Cylinder Block Material ............... High-strength cast iron
Cylinder Head Material ............... High-strength cast iron
Valvetrain Layout ............... OHV (Overhead Valve), 2 valves per cylinder
Camshaft Drive Type ............... Gear-driven train
Lubrication System ............... Full-pressure feed system
Oil Pump Type ............... Trochoid gear type driven by crankshaft
Oil Filter Type ............... Full-flow, spin-on cartridge elements
Cooling System Type ............... Liquid-cooled with forced circulation pump
Water Pump Type ............... Belt-driven centrifugal impeller pump
Thermostat Type ............... Wax pellet type with bypass loop
Air Cleaner Type ............... Dry dual-stage heavy-duty type element
Starting System Type ............... Electric starter motor engagement
Electrical System Voltage, V ............... 12V
Alternator Capacity, A ............... 40A or 50A

Fuel System

Injection Pump Type ............... Mechanical Bosch P-type inline or cassette type
Governor Type ............... Mechanical centrifugal variable speed
Fuel Feed Pump Type ............... Diaphragm type or electronic self-priming lift pump
Fuel Lift Pump Pressure, psi (kPa) ............... 2.9-4.3 (20.0-30.0)
Fuel Injection Nozzle Type ............... Multi-hole mini nozzle
Number of Injection Nozzle Orifices ............... 4 or 5 holes
Injection Nozzle Hole Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.0078 (0.20)
Fuel Injection Primary Pressure, psi (MPa) ............... 2842 (19.6)
Fuel Injection Secondary Pressure, psi (MPa) ............... 3132 (21.6)
Injection Timing, deg BTDC ............... 11-15
Fuel Filter System Type ............... Spin-on element with integrated sedimenter
Water Separator Assembly ............... Transparent bowl
Maximum Fuel Inlet Restriction, in Hg (mm Hg) ............... 3.93 (100.0)
Maximum Fuel Return Pipe Restriction, in Hg (mm Hg) ............... 5.90 (150.0)
Fuel Return Line Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.236 (6.0)
Fuel Inlet Line Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.315 (8.0)
Injection Line Outer Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.236 (6.0)
Injection Line Inner Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.078 (2.0)

Dimensions and Weight

Overall Length, in (mm) ............... 22.4 (570)
Overall Width, in (mm) ............... 19.3 (490)
Overall Height, in (mm) ............... 24.8 (630)
Dry Weight with Radiator Package, lbs (kg) ............... 420 (190)
Dry Weight (Industrial), lbs (kg) ............... 350 (158)
Wet Weight (Industrial), lbs (kg) ............... 370 (167)

Maintenance Data

Service Information

Standard Compression Pressure, psi (MPa) ............... 426 (2.94)
Minimum Limit Compression Pressure, psi (MPa) ............... 341 (2.35)
Compression Pressure Variance Between Cylinders, psi (MPa) ............... 42.6 (0.29)
Oil Pressure at Idle Speed, psi (kPa) ............... 14.2 (98.0)
Oil Pressure at Rated Speed, psi (kPa) ............... 42.6-56.8 (294.0-392.0)
Thermostat Opening Temperature, F (C) ............... 160.0 (71.0)
Thermostat Full Open Temperature, F (C) ............... 185.0 (85.0)
Radiator Cap Relief Valve Opening Pressure, psi (kPa) ............... 13.0 (90.0)
Fan Belt Deflection under 22 lbs force, in (mm) ............... 0.275-0.393 (7.0-10.0)
Intake Valve Clearance (Cold), in (mm) ............... 0.0078 (0.20)
Exhaust Valve Clearance (Cold), in (mm) ............... 0.0078 (0.20)

Engine Oil and Coolant

Engine Oil Type .................. SAE 10W-30 or SAE 15W-40
API Service Classifications ......................... CJ-4 or CK-4
Engine Oil Capacity with Filter (High Pan), qts (L) ............... 5.81 (5.5)
Engine Oil Capacity with Filter (Low Pan), qts (L) ............... 4.22 (4.0)
Engine Oil Capacity, Minimum Level, qts (L) ............... 3.17 (3.0)
Engine Coolant Capacity, Base Block Only, qts (L) ............... 2.64 (2.5)
Engine Coolant Capacity with Radiator, qts (L) ............... 6.86 (6.5)

Service Intervals

Change oil and filter ............... Every 250 hours
Inspect air cleaner ............... Every 100 hours
Replace air cleaner ............... Every 1000 hours
Replace fuel filter ............... Every 500 hours
Valve clearance adjustment ............... Every 1000 hours
Fuel system inspection ............... Every 1500 hours
Change coolant ............... Every 1000 hours
Compression test ............... Every 1000 hours
Belt inspection ............... Every service cycle

Service Specifications

Cylinder Bore Inner Diameter, Std, in (mm) ............... 3.4645-3.4649 (88.000-88.010)
Cylinder Bore Inner Diameter, Wear Limit, in (mm) ............... 3.4724 (88.200)
Cylinder Bore Roundness Out of Round, in (mm) ............... 0.00078 (0.020)
Cylinder Bore Taper Top to Bottom, in (mm) ............... 0.00078 (0.020)
Cylinder Block Top Surface Warpage Flatness, in (mm) ............... 0.00196 (0.050)
Crankshaft Main Journal Outside Diameter, in (mm) ............... 2.4391-2.4397 (61.954-61.970)
Crankpin Journal Outside Diameter, in (mm) ............... 1.9666-1.9673 (49.954-49.970)
Crankshaft Main Bearing Oil Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0013-0.0029 (0.035-0.075)
Crankpin Bearing Oil Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0013-0.0029 (0.035-0.075)
Crankshaft End Play, in (mm) ............... 0.0023-0.0070 (0.060-0.180)
Connecting Rod Small End Bushing ID, in (mm) ............... 1.1031-1.1039 (28.020-28.040)
Connecting Rod Bushing to Piston Pin Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.00078-0.00185 (0.020-0.047)
Connecting Rod Big End Side Axial Play, in (mm) ............... 0.0039-0.0098 (0.100-0.250)
Piston Outside Diameter, in (mm) ............... 3.4622-3.4633 (87.940-87.970)
Piston to Cylinder Bore Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0015-0.0027 (0.040-0.070)
Piston Pin Bore Inner Diameter, in (mm) ............... 1.1023-1.1026 (28.000-28.008)
Piston Pin Outside Diameter, in (mm) ............... 1.1021-1.1023 (27.993-28.000)
Piston Pin to Piston Pin Bore Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0000-0.00059 (0.000-0.015)
Top Ring Groove Width, in (mm) ............... 0.0807-0.0815 (2.050-2.070)
Second Ring Groove Width, in (mm) ............... 0.0602-0.0610 (1.530-1.550)
Oil Ring Groove Width, in (mm) ............... 0.1189-0.1196 (3.020-3.040)
Top Ring Side Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0023-0.0047 (0.060-0.120)
Second Ring Side Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0019-0.0035 (0.050-0.090)
Oil Ring Side Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0011-0.0027 (0.030-0.070)
Top Ring End Gap, in (mm) ............... 0.0078-0.0137 (0.200-0.350)
Second Ring End Gap, in (mm) ............... 0.0118-0.0177 (0.300-0.450)
Oil Ring End Gap, in (mm) ............... 0.0098-0.0177 (0.250-0.450)
Cylinder Head Lower Surface Flatness Distortion, in (mm) ............... 0.0019 (0.050)
Intake Valve Stem Outside Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.2736-0.2744 (6.950-6.970)
Exhaust Valve Stem Outside Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.2724-0.2736 (6.920-6.950)
Valve Guide Inner Diameter Assembly, in (mm) ............... 0.2755-0.2763 (7.000-7.018)
Intake Valve Stem to Guide Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0011-0.0026 (0.030-0.068)
Exhaust Valve Stem to Guide Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0019-0.0038 (0.050-0.098)
Valve Seat Angle Contact Face Surface, deg ............... 45.0
Valve Spring Free Length (Standard), in (mm) ............... 1.6889 (42.900)
Valve Spring Free Length (Service Limit), in (mm) ............... 1.6299 (41.400)
Camshaft Journal Outside Diameter Front), in (mm) ............... 1.7692-1.7700 (44.940-44.960)
Camshaft Journal Outside Diameter (Middle), in (mm) ............... 1.7692-1.7700 (44.940-44.960)
Camshaft Journal Outside Diameter (Rear), in (mm) ............... 1.7692-1.7700 (44.940-44.960)
Camshaft Journal Housing Bearing Inside Diameter, in (mm) ............... 1.7716-1.7728 (45.000-45.030)
Camshaft Journal to Bearing Radial Oil Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0015-0.0035 (0.040-0.090)
Intake Cam Lobe Height, in (mm) ............... 1.3417-1.3440 (34.080-34.140)
Exhaust Cam Lobe Height, in (mm) ............... 1.3417-1.3440 (34.080-34.140)
Camshaft End Play, in (mm) ............... 0.0019-0.0059 (0.050-0.150)
Cylinder Block Tappet Guide Hole Inside Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.9448-0.9457 (24.000-24.021)
Tappet to Block Guide Bore Standard Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.0027-0.0043 (0.070-0.111)
Rocker Arm Shaft Outside Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.4716-0.4724 (11.980-12.000)
Rocker Arm Bushing Inner Diameter, in (mm) ............... 0.4732-0.4740 (12.020-12.040)
Rocker Arm Bushing to Shaft Radial Clearance, in (mm) ............... 0.00078-0.00236 (0.020-0.060)

Tightening Torques

Cylinder Head Bolts (Initial Pass), lb-ft (Nm) ............... 21.6 (29.4)
Cylinder Head Bolts (Second Pass), lb-ft (Nm) ............... 43.3 (58.8)
Cylinder Head Bolts (Final Pass), lb-ft (Nm) ............... 61.4-68.5 (83.3-93.1)
Main Bearing Cap Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 57.8-65.0 (78.4-88.2)
Connecting Rod Cap Nut, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 28.9-34.7 (39.2-47.1)
Flywheel Retaining Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 54.2-61.4 (73.5-83.3)
Crankshaft Center Pulley Damper Bolt, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 86.7-94.0 (117.6-127.4)
Camshaft Thrust Plate M6 Screws lb-ft (Nm) ............... 5.7-8.6 (7.8-11.7)
Camshaft Timing Gear Hub Retaining Nut, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 57.8-72.3 (78.4-98.0)
Rocker Arm Shaft Support Bracket Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 15.9-21.6 (21.6-29.4)
Rocker Arm Adjusting Screw Lock Nut, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 11.5-14.4 (15.7-19.6)
Cylinder Head Top Valve Cover Cap Nuts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 5.7-8.6 (7.8-11.7)
Timing Gear Case Cover M8, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 14.4-18.7 (19.6-25.4)
Flywheel Housing to Cylinder Block Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 28.9-36.1 (39.2-49.0)
Oil Pan Bottom Drain Plug Fastener Screw, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 28.9-36.1 (39.2-49.0)
Oil Pan Perimeter Retaining M6 Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 5.7-8.6 (7.8-11.7)
Oil Pump Assembly Body, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 14.4-18.7 (19.6-25.4)
Fuel Injection Pump Delivery Cassette Nut, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 15.9-21.6 (21.6-29.4)
Fuel Injection Pump Drive Gear Nut, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 28.9-36.1 (39.2-49.0)
Fuel Injector Assembly Retention Bracket Nut, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 14.4-18.7 (19.6-25.4)
Fuel High Pressure Line Union Nut, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 18.0-21.6 (24.5-29.4)
Fuel Low Pressure Leak-Off Line Banjo Bolt, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 7.2-10.8 (9.8-14.7)
Glow Plug Terminal Connection Hex Nuts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 0.7-1.4 (1.0-2.0)
Glow Plug Assembly Body Installation Screw, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 10.8-14.4 (14.7-19.6)
Coolant Water Temperature Sensor Switch, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 14.4-21.6 (19.6-29.4)
Oil Pressure Switch Sensor, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 10.8-14.4 (14.7-19.6)
Exhaust Manifold Structural Retaining Nut, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 15.9-21.6 (21.6-29.4)
Intake Manifold Face Plate Retaining Structural Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 14.4-18.7 (19.6-25.4)
Cooling Fan Centrifugal Water Pump Pulley Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 7.2-10.8 (9.8-14.7)
Thermostat Housing Outlet Cover, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 14.4-18.7 (19.6-25.4)
Starter Motor Structural Mounting Bracket Fixing Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 36.1-43.3 (49.0-58.8)
Alternator Charging Unit Pivot Main Support Bolt, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 28.9-36.1 (39.2-49.0)
Alternator Adjusting Lock Slot Tension Bolt, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 14.4-18.7 (19.6-25.4)
Oil Strainer Pick-up Tube Flange Fixing Bracket Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 5.7-8.6 (7.8-11.7)
Crankshaft Rear Oil Seal Retainer Base Plate Screws, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 5.7-8.6 (7.8-11.7)
Idler Gear Shaft Retaining Structural Plate Base Bolts, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 14.4-18.7 (19.6-25.4)
Front Gear Housing Plate to Cylinder Block Screws, lb-ft (Nm) ............... 14.4-18.7 (19.6-25.4)

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• Isuzu Engines Specs
  
• Isuzu 2AA1 Specs
  
• Isuzu 3AA1 Specs
  
• Isuzu 3AB1 Specs
  
• Isuzu 3CB1 Specs
  
• Isuzu 3CD1 Specs
  
• Isuzu 3CH1 Specs
  

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